Collaboration between child welfare and substance-abuse fields: combined treatment programs for mothers.

Objective: To review collaboration between child welfare and drug-abuse fields in providing treatment to mothers who abuse drugs and maltreat their children.

Methods: Literature review of studies examining effects of maternal drug abuse on parenting skills and outcomes of interventions for both maternal drug abuse and parenting skills.

Results: Parenting skills differ between mothers who do and do not abuse drugs, but these studies are primarily limited to mothers of infants and preschoolers. The evidence base for interventions to address both substance use and parenting in these mothers is growing, but more well-controlled studies are needed. Opportunities for improved collaboration between fields are presented.

Conclusion: Progress has been made toward collaboration to address drug abuse and parenting skills of mothers who abuse drugs, but more integrated strategies are needed, especially for mothers who use drugs and maltreat their children.