The synthesis and evaluation of 10- and 12-membered ring benzofused enediyne amino acids.

The enediyne moiety is a versatile functional group found in natural anticancer and anti-infective agents, undergoing the Bergman cyclization reaction to afford a diradical which cleaves double-stranded DNA. We have incorporated the enediyne group into 10- (4-10) and 12-membered ring (11) cyclic amino acids and dipeptides, respectively, and explored their relative reactivity toward cyclization, varying N-substitution in the case of the 10-membered ring substrate, which gave the expected cyclization products in good yields when using either thermal conditions in the presence or absence of microwave irradiation. The N-tosyl substituted derivative (4) was shown to nick double-stranded supercoiled DNA. N-Arylsulfonyl substitution on the ring promoted the cyclization, when compared to N-mesyl or acyl substitution, possibly because of a pi-pi stacking effect as an endo-relationship of the aryl group with the enediyne was demonstrated in both the solid state and in solution. The 12-membered ring enediyne dipeptide (11) was inert to the Bergman cyclization under a variety of conditions. When this substrate was irradiated with ultraviolet light, regio- and stereospecific reduction was observed in which one of the alkynes was reduced to a Z-olefin (47).