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| http://dx.doi.org/10.1371/journal.pmed.0020278 | DOI Listing |
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A framework for managing infectious diseases in rural areas in low- and middle-income countries in the face of climate change-East Africa as a case study.
PLOS Glob Public Health
January 2025
Global Health Program, Smithsonian Conservation Biology Institute, Washington, DC, United States of America.
Climate change is having unprecedented impacts on human health, including increasing infectious disease risk. Despite this, health systems across the world are currently not prepared for novel disease scenarios anticipated with climate change. While the need for health systems to develop climate change adaptation strategies has been stressed in the past, there is no clear consensus on how this can be achieved, especially in rural areas in low- and middle-income countries that experience high disease burdens and climate change impacts simultaneously.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFResearch on technological innovation decision-making considering government subsidies and corporate reputation.
PLoS One
January 2025
School of Business Administration, Shenyang Pharmaceutical University, Shenyang, Liaoning, China.
Aiming at the information asymmetry between pharmaceutical enterprises' technological innovation decisions and government subsidy strategy, this paper establishes a differential game model consisting of the government and a single pharmaceutical company, proposes three different government subsidy strategies, and obtains an equilibrium solution with the help of the Hamilton-Jacobi-Bellman equation, taking into consideration of the transmission effect of the enterprise's reputation. First, the innovation decisions of pharmaceutical firms without government subsidies are analysed, and based on this, the optimal strategies with government subsidies for non-cooperative pacts and cooperation between the government and enterprises are analysed separately. In addition, the effects of different subsidy strategies on the government's investment efficiency, corporate reputation, and the choice of corporate innovation strategies are compared, and the results are verified by numerical analysis.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFAnemia during pregnancy and adverse maternal outcomes in Georgia-A birth registry-based cohort study.
PLoS One
January 2025
Department of Community Medicine, UiT The Arctic University of Norway, Tromsø, Norway.
Background: Anemia in pregnancy is an important public health challenge; however, it has not been thoroughly studied in Georgia. We assessed the prevalence of anemia during pregnancy across Georgia and the association between anemia in the third trimester of pregnancy and adverse maternal outcomes.
Methods: We used data from the Georgian Birth Registry and included pregnant women who delivered between January 1, 2019, and August 31, 2022 (n = 158,668).
Judges versus artificial intelligence in juror decision-making in criminal trials: Evidence from two pre-registered experiments.
PLoS One
January 2025
Center for International Education and Exchange, Osaka University, Suita, Osaka, Japan.
Background: Artificial intelligence (AI) is anticipated to play a significant role in criminal trials involving citizen jurors. Prior studies have suggested that AI is not widely preferred in ethical decision-making contexts, but little research has compared jurors' reliance on judgments by human judges versus AI in such settings.
Objectives: This study examined whether jurors are more likely to defer to judgments by human judges or AI, especially in cases involving mitigating circumstances in which human-like reasoning may be valued.
Improving myocardial infarction diagnosis with Siamese network-based ECG analysis.
PLoS One
January 2025
School of Computer Science & Engineering (SCOPE), VIT-AP University, Amaravati, Andhra Pradesh, India.
Background: Heart muscle damage from myocardial infarction (MI) is brought on by insufficient blood flow. The leading cause of death for middle-aged and older people worldwide is myocardial infarction (MI), which is difficult to diagnose because it has no symptoms. Clinicians must evaluate electrocardiography (ECG) signals to diagnose MI, which is difficult and prone to observer bias.
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