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Ultraprocessed Food Consumption and Obesity Development in Canadian Children.
JAMA Netw Open
January 2025
Department of Nutritional Sciences, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada.
Importance: Ultraprocessed foods (UPF), characterized as shelf-stable but nutritionally imbalanced foods, pose a public health crisis worldwide. In adults, UPF consumption is associated with increased obesity risk, but findings among children are inconsistent.
Objectives: To examine the associations among UPF intake, anthropometric adiposity indicators, and obesity status in Canadian children.
Discontinuation and Reinitiation of Dual-Labeled GLP-1 Receptor Agonists Among US Adults With Overweight or Obesity.
JAMA Netw Open
January 2025
Healthcare Transformation Institute, Department of Medical Ethics and Health Policy, Perelman School of Medicine at the University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia.
Importance: Adherence to glucagon-like peptide-1 receptor agonists (GLP-1 RAs) is important for their effectiveness. Discontinuation and reinitiation patterns are not well understood.
Objective: To describe rates of and factors associated with discontinuation and subsequent reinitiation of GLP-1 RAs among adults with overweight or obesity.
Survival Among Patients With ERBB2-Positive Metastatic Breast Cancer and Central Nervous System Disease.
JAMA Netw Open
January 2025
Department of Neurosurgery and Brain Metastasis Center, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, New York.
Importance: Approximately one-third of patients with ERBB2 (formerly HER2 or HER2/neu)-positive (ERBB2+) metastatic breast cancer (MBC) develop brain metastasis. It is unclear whether patients with disease limited to the central nervous system (CNS) have different outcomes and causes of death compared with those with concomitant extracranial metastasis.
Objective: To assess overall survival (OS) and CNS-related mortality among patients with ERBB2+ breast cancer and a diagnosis of CNS disease by disease distribution (CNS only vs CNS plus extracranial metastasis).
Adverse Prehospital Events and Outcomes After Traumatic Brain Injury.
JAMA Netw Open
January 2025
Department of Emergency Medicine, The Ohio State University, Columbus.
Importance: While national guidelines recommend avoidance of hypoxia, hypotension, and hypocarbia in the prehospital care of traumatic brain injury (TBI), limited data validate the association of these adverse physiologic events with TBI outcomes.
Objective: To validate the associations of prehospital hypoxia, hypotension, and hypocarbia with TBI outcomes in a US national trauma network.
Design, Setting, And Participants: This cohort study examined data from 8 level I trauma centers and their affiliated ground and air emergency medical services (EMS) agencies in the Linking Investigations in Trauma and Emergency Services (LITES) Network from January 1, 2017, to June 30, 2021.
Corticosteroids in Cardiogenic Shock: A Retrospective Analysis of the Medical Information Mart for Intensive Care-IV Database.
Crit Care Explor
February 2025
Division of Critical Care Medicine, Department of Medicine, McMaster University, Hamilton, ON, Canada.
Importance: While corticosteroid administration in septic shock has been shown to result in faster shock reversal and lower short-term mortality, the role of corticosteroids in the management of cardiogenic shock (CS) remains unexplored.
Objectives: Determine the impact of corticosteroid administration on 90-day mortality (primary outcome) in patients admitted to a critical care unit with CS.
Design, Setting, And Participants: In this retrospective cohort study, we used the critical care database of Medical Information Mart for Intensive Care-IV, and included all adult patients diagnosed with CS excluding repeated admissions, patients with adrenal insufficiency, those receiving baseline corticosteroids, and those requiring extracorporeal life support.
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