We present phenomenology describing the internal structure of a turbulent zone, produced as the result of the push of a heavy fluid into a light one, for the case of immiscible fluids. One finds that the Kolmogorov cascade is realized within a range that grows with time, viz., scales between the mixing zone width, L proportional variant t(2), and the viscous scale, eta proportional variant t(-1/4). Surface-tension effects lead to formation of an emulsionlike state. Density fluctuations on scales larger than the typical drop size, l, are governed by the Obukhov-Corrsin cascade. If l >> eta, a wave energy cascade, related to capillary waves propagating along the surfaces of drops, is formed at scales below l, l proportional variant t(-2/5).
Download full-text PDF |
Source |
|---|---|
| http://dx.doi.org/10.1103/PhysRevE.71.055301 | DOI Listing |
Publication Analysis
Top Keywords
Similar Publications
Public Health.
Alzheimers Dement
December 2024
Amsterdam Neuroscience, Neurodegeneration, Amsterdam, Netherlands.
Background: Survival estimates for individuals with Alzheimer's disease (AD) are informative to understand the full disease trajectory. A previous meta-analysis estimated the mean survival of AD patients at 5.8 years from diagnosis, but precise estimates for atypical AD variants are scarce.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFBackground: Frailty is a complex clinical state that is associated with poorer health outcomes and increased dementia risk in older adults. It is routinely measured using the Frailty Index, which is a proportional score based on the number of 'deficits' that an individual has. Whilst such measures are useful for risk assessment, the aggregation of highly heterogeneous deficit profiles in genetic studies may obscure important insights into the underlying biology of frailty.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFBackground: Progranulin (PGRN), a glycoprotein secreted by microglia and neurons, regulates lysosomal function, neuroinflammation, and has neurotrophic effects. Variants in the granulin gene (GRN) that cause a reduction of PGRN in plasma and cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) are associated with an increased risk of Alzheimer's disease (AD). The sortilin receptor (SORT1) on neurons and microglia regulates PGRN degradation.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFEffectiveness of mRNA COVID-19 vaccines and hybrid immunity in preventing SARS-CoV-2 infection and symptomatic COVID-19 among adults in the United States.
J Infect Dis
January 2025
Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, Tennessee, USA.
Background: Understanding protection against SARS-CoV-2 infection by vaccine and hybrid immunity is important for informing public health strategies as new variants emerge.
Methods: We analyzed data from three cohort studies spanning September 1, 2022-July 31, 2023, to estimate COVID-19 vaccine effectiveness (VE) against SARS-CoV-2 infection and symptomatic COVID-19 among adults with and without prior infection in the United States. Participants collected weekly nasal swabs, irrespective of symptoms, annual blood draws, and completed periodic surveys, which included vaccination status and prior infection history.
Case-control genome-wide association studies (GWAS) are often used to find associations between genetic variants and diseases. When case-control GWAS are conducted, researchers must make decisions regarding how many cases and how many controls to include in the study. Depending on differing availability and cost of controls and cases, varying case fractions are used in case-control GWAS.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFWant AI Summaries of new PubMed Abstracts delivered to your In-box?
Enter search terms and have AI summaries delivered each week - change queries or unsubscribe any time!