The aim of the work was the microbiological evaluation of water taken from the popular water intakes used by the inhabitants in Łódź. The examination of water was performance directly after sampling, after 48 hours of the storage at temperature 0-4 degrees C and also after the storage at the room temperature. The microbiological examinations of water in the aspect of detection of majority of microbes were conducted using membrane filtration method. Among 13 evaluated samples 11 were qualified to direct consumption. After 48 hour storage at 0-4 degrees C temperatures and at the room temperature an increase of bacterial contamination was observed--especially bacteria growing at temperature 22 degrees C and the higher. The presence of fungi was detected in the evaluated water. In 3 samples the mould count was exceeded 1.5 x 10(2) cfu/ml. During the storage of water the increase of fungi population was not observed.
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Prep Biochem Biotechnol
January 2025
Xinjiang University, Xinjiang, China.
This study aimed to optimize the ultrasonic/microwave-assisted extraction (UAME) technique of polysaccharides (EAP-UM) by response surface methodology (RSM). The optimum conditions include: solid-liquid ratio of 1:23 g/mL, ultrasonic power of 252 W, microwave power of 417 W, and extraction time of 11 min. Under these conditions, the yield of polysaccharides reached 7.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFInorg Chem
January 2025
Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, The Ohio State University, Columbus, Ohio 43210, United States.
Chiral organic-inorganic metal halide (OIMH) materials are gaining increasing attention as candidates for asymmetric materials due to their unique photoelectric, chiral optic, and spintronic properties. The introduction of chirality into OIMHs is usually achieved by the use of chiral organic cations, while previous studies often focus on primary ammonium cations derived from commercially available chiral amines, limiting the tunability of the OIMH materials. Herein, we report the use of Zincke reactions to synthesize chiral N-substituted pyridinium salts, namely, (R)/(S)-methylbenzylpyridinium (/-MBnP) chloride and the corresponding 1D chiral OIMHs, (/-MBnP)PbX3 (X = Cl, Br, and I).
View Article and Find Full Text PDFChemistry
January 2025
IIT Kharagpur: Indian Institute of Technology Kharagpur, Dept of Chemistry, IIT Kharagpur, 721302, Kharagpur, INDIA.
Although metal organic frameworks (MOFs) and covalent organic frameworks (COFs) have been extensively used as fluorescent-based antibiotic sensors, newly developed hydrogen-bonded organic frameworks (HOFs) are largely unexplored toward this direction. To realize this, the luminescent HOFs must be stable in water as the analytes are mostly found in water-based effluents in environments. In addition, HOFs should be equipped with specific recognition sites in order to direct the discrimination among the antibiotics.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFACS Appl Mater Interfaces
January 2025
Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Macromolecular Synthesis and Functionalization, Department of Polymer Science and Engineering, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, China.
Various glassy hydrogels are developed by forming dense physical associations within the matrices, which exhibit forced elastic deformation and possess high stiffness, strength, and toughness. Here, the viscoplastic behaviors of the glassy hydrogel of poly(methacrylamide--methacrylic acid) are investigated by stress relaxation and creep measurements. We found that the characteristic time of stress relaxation of the glassy gel is much smaller than that of amorphous polymers.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFAnal Sci
January 2025
National Institute of Polar Research (NIPR), 10-3 Midori-Cho, Tachikawa, Tokyo, 190-8518, Japan.
Magnesium phosphate grains, minor accessory minerals found on the primitive meteorite Yamato 980115 (Y 980115), were investigated by Raman microspectroscopy. All magnesium phosphate grains found in the present study can be assigned to farringtonite, dehydrated magnesium phosphate Mg(PO)-I. Since the Mg(PO)-I is generally formed via the irreversible thermal transition from the polymorphs of Mg(PO)-II and -III at above 750-800 degree Celsius, we can infer that the parent body of the Y 980115 meteorites experienced thermal alteration with such a high temperature.
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