Lyme disease is a multisystemic disorder caused by Borrelia burgdorferi spirochete, transmitted by ticks. Mainly described in the northern hemisphere and rarely in Brazil. The purpose of this report is to describe a patient with Lyme disease who developed bilateral tonic pupil as the only remaining sign. A 13-year-old female with Lyme disease, presented with bilateral peripheral facial and oculomotor paralysis. After recovery from neurological abnormalities the patient sustained anisocoria, reduced fotomotor reflex, less than normal amplitude of accommodation, tonic pupil constriction for near objects and slow redialation in both eyes. Dilute 0.1% pilocarpine test was positive in both eyes, confirming the suspicion of bilateral tonic pupil. This is the first case report of bilateral tonic pupil caused by Lyme disease.
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http://dx.doi.org/10.1590/s0004-27492005000300020 | DOI Listing |
Psychon Bull Rev
January 2025
Department of Psychology, McGill University, 2001 Av. McGill College, Montréal, QC, H3A 1G1, Canada.
A growing body of evidence across psychology suggests that (cognitive) effort exertion increases in proximity to a goal state. For instance, previous work has shown that participants respond more quickly, but not less accurately, when they near a goal-as indicated by a filling progress bar. Yet it remains unclear when over the course of a cognitively demanding task do people monitor progress information: Do they continuously monitor their goal progress over the course of a task, or attend more frequently to it as they near their goal? To answer this question, we used eye-tracking to examine trial-by-trial changes in progress monitoring as participants completed blocks of an attentionally demanding oddball task.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFSci Rep
December 2024
Department of Neurosurgery, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, USA.
Alteration of responses to salient stimuli occurs in a wide range of brain disorders and may be rooted in pathophysiological brain state dynamics. Specifically, tonic and phasic modes of activity in the reticular activating system (RAS) influence, and are influenced by, salient stimuli, respectively. The RAS influences the spectral characteristics of activity in the neocortex, shifting the balance between low- and high-frequency fluctuations.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFPsychophysiology
December 2024
Department of Experimental Psychology, Ghent University, Ghent, Belgium.
Response inhibition is key to flexible behavior. Importantly, performance in any task, including response inhibition tasks, fluctuates on a moment-to-moment basis. Using pupillometry, we investigated the relationship between these behavioral fluctuations in response inhibition and naturally occurring fluctuations of norepinephrine (NE) levels in the brain before a given trial has even started.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFConscious Cogn
November 2024
Mind, Brain and Behavior Research Center (CIMCYC), University of Granada, Granada, Spain; Department of Experimental Psychology, University of Granada, Granada, Spain.
eNeuro
December 2024
Graduate School of Informatics, Kyoto University, Kyoto 606-8501, Japan.
Maintaining concentration on demanding cognitive tasks, such as vigilance (VG) and working memory (WM) tasks, is crucial for successful task completion. Previous research suggests that internal concentration maintenance fluctuates, potentially declining to suboptimal states, which can influence trial-by-trial performance in these tasks. However, the timescale of such alertness maintenance, as indicated by slow changes in pupil diameter, has not been thoroughly investigated.
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