Epilepsy and bipolar disorder are commonly treated by combination drug therapy, such as lamotrigine and oxcarbazepine. To ensure the safety of this combination, information on pharmacokinetics and tolerability must be available. The objective of study was to evaluate the pharmacokinetics and tolerability of coadministered lamotrigine and oxcarbazepine in healthy subjects. This randomized, single-blind, parallel-group study comprised three cohorts: lamotrigine (200 mg daily) plus oxcarbazepine (600 mg twice daily), lamotrigine (200 mg daily) plus placebo, and oxcarbazepine (600 mg twice daily) plus placebo. Serial blood samples were collected at steady state to determine serum concentrations of lamotrigine and plasma concentrations of oxcarbazepine and its active metabolite 10-monohydroxy metabolite (MHD). Pharmacokinetic parameters were determined by noncompartmental methods. Tolerability was monitored through adverse event reports, clinical laboratory results, vital signs, and electrocardiograms. A total of 47 male volunteers received study drugs. At steady state, lamotrigine AUC((0-24)) and C(max) were not significantly affected by oxcarbazepine co-therapy, nor were MHD AUC((0-12)) and C(max) significantly affected by lamotrigine co-therapy. The most common adverse events, headache, dizziness, nausea, and somnolence, occurred more frequently during lamotrigine and oxcarbazepine combination therapy than during the monotherapy. No significant changes in clinical laboratory parameters, vital signs, or electrocardiograms were reported. In conclusion, the combination of lamotrigine and oxcarbazepine does not require dose adjustments based on pharmacokinetic data. However, it is important to recognize that the combination therapy was associated with more frequent adverse events.
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http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/sj.npp.1300831 | DOI Listing |
Epilepsia
January 2025
Department of Pharmacy, Second Affiliated Hospital of Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China.
Objective: An increasing number of antiseizure medications (ASMs) are approved for monotherapy for focal epilepsy, but direct comparisons of the lifetime cost-effectiveness of all existing treatment strategies are lacking. This study aims to compare the cost-effectiveness of new ASMs and traditional ASMs as first-line monotherapy for newly diagnosed focal epilepsy.
Method: We used a Markov model to evaluate the lifetime cost-effectiveness of 10 ASMs in the treatment of focal epilepsy, with lacosamide (LCM) as a control, from the perspective of society in the United States.
Seizure
January 2025
Department of Pharmacology, J.K.K. Nattraja College of Pharmacy, Komarapalayam, India. Electronic address:
The United States Food and Drug Administration (US FDA) released a warning regarding Drug Reactions with Eosinophilia and Systemic Symptoms (DRESS) linked to the use of antiseizure drugs, including levetiracetam and clobazam, on November 28, 2023. Hence, our review focuses on DRESS associated with the use of antiseizure drugs, including Levetiracetam, Clobazam, Carbamazepine, Phenytoin, Phenobarbital, Valproate, Oxcarbazepine, and Lamotrigine. The online databases, such as Medline/Pubmed/PMC, Scopus, Web of Science, Google Scholar, Science Direct, Ebsco, Embase, and reference lists, were searched for relevant publications.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFSeizure
January 2025
Service and Laboratory of Clinical Pharmacology, University Hospital (CHUV) and Faculty of Biology and Medicine, Lausanne, Switzerland.
Introduction: Saliva is a promising option for therapeutic drug monitoring, with studies since the 1970s indicating a good correlation between plasma and saliva levels for early anti-seizure medications, although limited data exist for newer generation drugs.
Objectives: To evaluate the reliability and predictive power of saliva as a minimally invasive surrogate marker of plasma concentration for the routine therapeutic drug monitoring (TDM) of newer anti-seizure medications (ASM).
Methods: We collected blood samples at steady state in patients at least 6 h post-dose, paired with unstimulated saliva samples.
Rev Med Suisse
January 2025
Swiss Teratogen Information Service, Service de pharmacologie clinique, Département de médecine, Centre hospitalier universitaire vaudois, 1011 Lausanne.
The 2023-2024 updates on teratovigilance, with a focus on antiseizure medications, highlight several key points. American medical societies have revised their recommendations: maintaining effective seizure control is essential for both maternal and fetal health; lamotrigine, levetiracetam, and oxcarbazepine are preferred first-line treatments, whereas valproic acid and topiramate should be avoided if possible. In March 2024, an update on topiramate indicated an increased risk of neurodevelopmental disorders with prenatal exposure.
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