AI Article Synopsis
- The Harderian gland (HG) in chickens is crucial for immune responses, with recent studies identifying the enzyme hematopoietic prostaglandin D synthase (H-PGDS) as a significant component.
- Proteomics analysis and DNA sequencing confirmed that chicken H-PGDS is closely aligned with sequences found in the spleen, indicating its importance in immune functions.
- Ocular vaccination increased H-PGDS expression in the HG, suggesting that this gland plays an active role in mucosal immunity, possibly through the action of the vasoactive compound PGD(2).
Article Abstract
The Harderian gland (HG), a sero-mucous secreting organ in the eye orbit, has long been recognized as immunologically important in chickens. During experimentation to characterize immune components of the gland, proteomics analysis revealed the presence of hematopoietic prostaglandin D synthase (H-PGDS). Extraction of total RNA followed by RT-PCR produced cDNA of 597 base pairs. DNA sequencing revealed nucleic acid and predicted amino acid sequences that were 99% aligned with the one published sequence for chicken H-PGDS of the spleen. Alignment with murine, rat, and human H-PGDS were 69, 69, and 66%, respectively. Ocular vaccination of chickens with a Newcastle Disease/Infectious Bronchitis vaccine (Mass.-Ark. Strain) induced an increase in H-PGDS expression determined by real-time PCR. Furthermore, immunohistochemistry of frozen HG sections showed positive stained cells for both H-PGDS and mast cell tryptase in the sub-epithelial cell layers of the HG ducts. Based on the potent vasoactive role of PGD(2), it appears that the chicken HG is a site of active mucosal immunity partially mediated by PGD(2) synthesized by H-PGDS in the gland.
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| http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.vetimm.2005.06.008 | DOI Listing |
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