In 1 experiment with humans and 3 experiments with rats, the authors sought evidence of temporal integration of independently acquired temporal relationships, including forward and backward temporal associations. The experiments were designed and analyzed in the framework of the temporal coding hypothesis (e.g., L. D. Matzel, F. P. Held, & R. R. Miller, 1988; H. I. Savastano & R. R. Miller, 1998) as a strategy toward illuminating the use of forward and backward temporal associations and assessing the directional nature of these temporal associations. The results obtained suggest that the temporal content of learning about paired events involves a single bidirectional association instead of 2 independent unidirectional, forward and backward, associations.
Download full-text PDF |
Source |
|---|---|
| http://dx.doi.org/10.1037/0097-7403.31.3.301 | DOI Listing |
Publication Analysis
Top Keywords
Similar Publications
Understanding the Reactivity of "Naked" Acyclic Carbene-like Species Featuring a Group 13 Element in the [4+1] Cycloaddition with Benzene.
Inorg Chem
January 2025
Department of Applied Chemistry, National Chiayi University, Chiayi 60004, Taiwan.
The chemical reactivity between benzene and the "naked" acyclic carbene-like (G13X) species, having two bulky N-heterocyclic boryloxy ligands at the Group 13 center, was theoretically assessed using density functional theory computations. Our theoretical studies show that (BX) preferentially undergoes C-H bond insertion with benzene, both kinetically and thermodynamically, whereas the (AlX) analogue favors a reversible [4 + 1] cycloaddition. Conversely, the heavier carbene analogues ((GaX), (InX), and (TlX)) are not expected to engage in a reaction with benzene.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFConditioned suppression is a useful paradigm for measuring learned avoidance. In most conditioned suppression studies, forward conditioning is used where a cue predicts an aversive stimulus. However, backward conditioning, in which an aversive stimulus predicts a cue, provides unique insights into learned avoidance due to its influence on both conditioned excitation and inhibition.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFHeterogeneity of reduced FEV in early adulthood: A looking forward, looking backwards analysis.
Respirology
January 2025
Institut d'Investigacions Biomediques August Pi i Sunyer (IDIBAPS), Barcelona, Spain.
Background: Some individuals never achieve normal peak FEV in early adulthood. It is unknown if this is due to airflow limitation and/or lung restriction.
Methods: To investigate this, we: (1) looked forward in 19,791 participants in the Dutch Lifelines general population cohort aged 25-35 years with 5-year follow-up; and (2) looked backwards in 2032 participants in the Swedish BAMSE birth cohort with spirometry at 24 years of age but also at 16 and/or 8 years.
Translation and validation of the 8-item contact lens dry eye questionnaire (CLDEQ-8) among Chinese soft contact lens wearers.
Cont Lens Anterior Eye
January 2025
State Key Laboratory of Ophthalmology, Zhongshan Ophthalmic Center, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, China. Electronic address:
Purpose: To develop a Chinese version of the 8-item Contact Lens Dry Eye Questionnaire (CLDEQ-8) with cross-cultural adaption and clinical validation among soft contact lens wearers (SCL) in China.
Methods: The translation and adaptation of the Chinese CLDEQ-8 (C-CLDEQ-8) followed a rigorous methodological process based on cross-cultural research guidelines consisting of three main phases: 1) forward and backward translation of original CLDEQ-8 into Chinese, 2) cross-cultural adaptation performed by medical advising committee, and 3) clinical validation and repeatability test of the translated questionnaire on Chinese SCL wearers. Rasch analysis was also performed to investigate the psychometric properties of C-CLDEQ-8.
Psychometric evaluation and cross-cultural adaptation of the Konkani version of the Oral Health-related Early Childhood Quality of Life (OH-ECQoL) scale.
J Indian Soc Pedod Prev Dent
October 2024
Department of Pediatric and Preventive Dentistry, Goa Dental College and Hospital, Bambolim, Goa, India.
Context: The oral health-related early childhood quality of life (OH-ECQoL) tool, designed to evaluate how dental issues affect preschoolers' and their family's quality of life (QoL), has been translated and validated in many languages. However, it has not yet been adapted into the Konkani language.
Aim: Cross-cultural adaptation of OH-ECQoL tool for use in the Konkani-speaking population in the state of Goa among primary caregivers of children aged 24-71 months.
Want AI Summaries of new PubMed Abstracts delivered to your In-box?
Enter search terms and have AI summaries delivered each week - change queries or unsubscribe any time!