Long duration spinal cord injury: perceptions of functional change over time.

Purpose: To investigate perceptions of functional change over time held by individuals with long duration spinal cord injury (SCI) living in Queensland, Australia.

Method: A retrospective telephone questionnaire was administered to 84 individuals who had sustained a SCI more than 20 years previously and were older than 15 at the time of injury. Motor subset scores of the Functional Independence Measure (FIM) and a single scale measuring mobility aids status (MAIDS), were collected for three points in time--post discharge from initial rehabilitation (D/C point); approximately 10 years post injury (Mid point) and currently (Current point).

Results: A significant number of participants perceived that their function had increased between the D/C and Mid points and had subsequently decreased between the Mid and Current points. Participants also reported an increasing dependence on mobility aids between the Mid point and the Current point. Those who reported functional decline between the Mid and Current points were significantly older than those who did not report functional decline but did not differ in duration of injury or age at onset.

Conclusions: The results support the need for services that provide assessment and intervention for functional changes throughout the life span of people with SCI.