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Improving paraffin precipitate inhibition using glycine and Palm-based Methyl Ester Sulfonate (MES) eco-friendly inhibitors.
PLoS One
January 2025
Chemical & Petroleum Engineering Department, United Arab Emirates University, Al Ain, United Arab Emirates.
Oil fields located in cold environments and deep-sea locations often face challenges with paraffin wax buildup in pipelines during long-distance crude oil transportation. Various strategies have been employed to address this issue, with chemical methods being the most effective and economical. However, traditional chemical inhibitors present problems due to their high toxicity and low biodegradability, leading to increased operational costs and environmental concerns.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFStructural insights into the role of reduced cysteine residues in SOD1 amyloid filament formation.
Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A
February 2025
Department of Agricultural Biotechnology, and Research Institute of Agriculture and Life Sciences, CALS, Seoul National University, Seoul 08826, Republic of Korea.
The formation of superoxide dismutase 1 (SOD1) filaments has been implicated in amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS). Although the disulfide bond formed between Cys57 and Cys146 in the active state has been well studied, the role of the reduced cysteine residues, Cys6 and Cys111, in SOD1 filament formation remains unclear. In this study, we investigated the role of reduced cysteine residues by determining and comparing cryoelectron microscopy (cryo-EM) structures of wild-type (WT) and C6A/C111A SOD1 filaments under thiol-based reducing and metal-depriving conditions, starting with protein samples possessing enzymatic activity.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFA TTPA deletion is associated with Retinopathy with Vitamin E Deficiency (RVED) in the English Cocker Spaniel Dog.
G3 (Bethesda)
January 2025
Canine Genetics Centre, Department of Veterinary Medicine, University of Cambridge, Cambridgeshire, CB3 0ES, UK.
Retinopathy with Vitamin E Deficiency (RVED) is a familial disease in the English Cocker Spaniel (ECS) dog breed. Ophthalmic abnormalities observed in RVED-affected ECS include lipofuscin granule deposition within the tapetal fundus and subsequent retinal degeneration resulting in visual deficits. Affected dogs may also exhibit neurological signs that include ataxia and hindlimb proprioceptive deficit.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFAssociation of methotrexate polyglutamates concentration with methotrexate efficacy and safety in patients with rheumatoid arthritis treated with predefined dose: results from the MIRACLE trial.
Ann Rheum Dis
January 2025
Division of Rheumatology, Department of Internal Medicine, Keio University School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan. Electronic address:
Objectives: The usefulness of methotrexate-polyglutamates (MTX-PGs) concentration for management of rheumatoid arthritis has been debated. We aimed to clarify the association of MTX-PGs concentration with efficacy and safety in MTX-naïve patients initiating MTX in a prospective interventional clinical trial.
Methods: The MIRACLE trial enrolled 300 MTX-naïve patients.
Promiscuity Guided Evolution of Decarboxylative Aldolases for Synthesis of Tertiary γ-Hydroxy Amino Acids.
Angew Chem Int Ed Engl
January 2025
University of Wisconsin Madison, Chemistry, 1101 University Ave, 53706, Madison, UNITED STATES OF AMERICA.
Many applications of enzymes benefit from activity on structurally diverse substrates. Here, we sought to engineer the decarboxylative aldolase UstD to perform a challenging C-C bond forming reaction with ketone electrophiles. The parent enzyme had only low levels of activity, portending multiple rounds of directed evolution and a possibility that mutations may inadvertently increase the specificity of the enzyme for a single model screening substrate.
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