Global forest ecosystems are under the threat of illegal logging. In this article, illegal logging activities and the principal causes of such violations are discussed in view of the available data and case studies from the Turkish forestry sector. A brief discussion of the importance of illegal logging within a global context, along with a description of Turkish forestry and deforestation activities, is provided. Underlying causes of illegal logging are discussed, and some solutions are recommended. It is concluded that illegal logging is a serious worldwide problem that exploits all forests. Turkish forests have suffered their share of such destructive illegal practices, although the range of impact varies from one period to another, depending upon the circumstances. The underlying causes of illegal logging activities derive from the economic, political, and cultural structures of Turkish society.
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http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s00267-003-0107-1 | DOI Listing |
PLoS One
January 2025
Department of Computer Science, Virginia Tech, Arlington, VA, United States of America.
Trade in wood and forest products spans the global supply chain. Illegal logging and associated trade in forest products present a persistent threat to vulnerable ecosystems and communities. Illegal timber trade has been linked to violations of tax and conservation laws, as well as broader transnational crimes.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFEcol Appl
January 2025
Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew, Richmond, UK.
Determining the harvest location of timber is crucial to enforcing international regulations designed to protect natural resources and to tackle illegal logging and associated trade in forest products. Stable isotope ratio analysis (SIRA) can be used to verify claims of timber harvest location by matching levels of naturally occurring stable isotopes within wood tissue to location-specific ratios predicted from reference data ("isoscapes"). However, overly simple models for predicting isoscapes have so far limited the confidence in derived predictions of timber provenance.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFGenetica
December 2024
Facultad de Agronomía, Universidad de San Carlos de Guatemala, Guatemala City, 01012, Guatemala.
Abies guatemalensis Rehder, an endangered conifer endemic to Central American highlands, is ecologically vital in upper montane forests. It faces threats from habitat fragmentation, unsustainable logging, and illegal Christmas tree harvesting. While previous genetic studies on mature trees from eighteen populations showed high within-population diversity and limited among-population differentiation, the genetic impact of recent anthropogenic pressures on younger generations has yet to be discovered.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFPlants (Basel)
October 2024
Dipartimento di Scienze Agrarie, Forestali e Alimentari, Università degli Studi di Torino, 10095 Grugliasco, TO, Italy.
(Myricaceae family) is a common plant from Madagascar and is present on the IUCN Red List of threatened species classified at the 'least concern' level, used by the local population to treat numerous illnesses and pain. Despite its frequent use, comprehensive phytochemical and pharmacological research on the species is limited. This study evaluated the antioxidant, analgesic, and anti-inflammatory properties, as well as the toxicity of methanol extracts from the leaves (MS_L) and bark (MS_B) of .
View Article and Find Full Text PDFForensic Sci Int
October 2024
Smithsonian Institution National Museum of African Art, Washington, DC, United States; Art Gallery of Ontario, Toronto, ON, Canada.
The mass spectral database of tree species built by US Fish and Wildlife Service has thousands of entries and has been a valuable resource to combat illegal logging and international trade. The database was and continues to be constructed using a particular ambient ionization time-of-flight mass spectrometry (TOF-MS) platform in the agency branch in Ashland, OR, with which queries of unknown wood samples are investigated exclusively. Laboratories that operate different MS instruments also have an interest in using the database if they can produce valid matches to known samples compatible with the database.
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