Comparison of pharmacovigilance algorithms in drug hypersensitivity reactions.

Background: A firm diagnosis of drug hypersensitivity, because it may re-induce the reaction, is seldom confirmed. Causality assessment algorithms are therefore of interest.

Aims: The objective of this work was to compare three algorithms in the diagnosis of drug hypersensitivity.

Methods: Evaluation of 120 clinical histories of drug hypersensitivity was carried out: 60 involving beta-lactams (50%) and 60 involving non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (50%). Each of these groups of patients underwent a standardised allergy diagnosis, which included a detailed anamnesis, skin tests and, often, provocation tests under strict hospital surveillance. Unaware of the final allergy diagnosis, scores were established for all of the cases and compared using algorithms suggested by Begaud and coworkers [2, 20], Jones [13] and Naranjo et al. [21].

Results: Although the methods of Jones [13] and Naranjo et al. [21] were perfectly concordant (k=1), no concordance was noted using the Begaud and coworkers [2, 20] method.

Conclusions: All three algorithms are dissimilar regarding the diagnosis of drug hypersensitivity.