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Effects of LinTT1-peptide conjugation on the properties of poly(ethylene glycol)-block-(ε-caprolactone) nanoparticles prepared by the nanoprecipitation method.
Drug Deliv Transl Res
January 2025
Drug Research Program, Division of Pharmaceutical Chemistry and Technology, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, FI-00014, Finland.
Functionalization of polymer nanoparticles (NPs) with targeting peptides is of interest for drug delivery applications to enhance tumor accumulation and penetration. Herein, we evaluated the feasibility of two different methods for the attachment of a tumor-penetrating peptide LinTT1 (AKRGARSTA) to poly(ethylene glycol)-block-poly(ε-caprolactone) (PCL-PEG) NPs: (1) "post-conjugation" onto pre-formed nanoparticles, and (2) "pre-conjugation", the synthesis and purification of peptide-polymer conjugates and subsequent nanoprecipitation of the conjugates diluted with non-functionalized polymers. Conjugation of the labelled peptide via maleimide-thiol chemistry was verified by gel permeation chromatography (GPC) and fluorescence measurements.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFEffects of intra-tumoral cellular heterogeneity of oxygen partial pressure on biological effectiveness of hydrogen-, helium-, carbon-, oxygen-, and neon-ion beams.
Phys Med Biol
January 2025
Department of Accelerator and Medical Physics, National Institutes for Quantum Science and Technology, 4-9-1 Anagawa, Inage-ku, Chiba, 263-8555, JAPAN.
The tumor microenvironment characterized by heterogeneously organized vasculatures causes intra-tumoral heterogeneity of oxygen partial pressure at the cellular level, which cannot be measured by current imaging techniques. The intra-tumoral cellular heterogeneity may lead to a reduction of therapeutic effects of radiation. The purpose of this study was to investigate the effects of the heterogeneity on biological effectiveness of H-, He-, C-, O-, and Ne-ion beams for different oxygenation levels, prescribed dose levels, and cell types.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFStructures and properties of α-amylase and glucoamylase immobilized by ZIF-8 via one-pot preparation.
Enzyme Microb Technol
December 2024
Guangxi Key Laboratory of Natural Polymer Chemistry and Physics, College of Chemistry and Materials, Nanning Normal University, Nanning 530001, PR China.
The immobilization of α-amylase and glucoamylase using a metal-organic framework (enzyme@ZIF-8) was prepared in situ through a one-pot method. The morphology, crystal structure, and molecular characteristics of the free enzyme and enzyme@ZIF-8 were characterized. The enzyme@ZIF-8 exhibited the rhombic dodecahedron morphology, with a decrease in particle size.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFGiant Thermoelectric Response of Fluxons in Superconductors.
Phys Rev Lett
December 2024
Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Rochester, Rochester, New York 14627, USA.
We investigate the thermoelectric response of an Abrikosov vortex in type-II superconductors in the deep quantum limit. We consider two thermoelectric geometries, a type-II superconductor-insulator-normal-metal (S-I-N) junction and a local scanning tunneling microscope (STM)-tip normal metal probe over the superconductor. We exploit the strong breaking of particle-hole symmetry in vortex-bound states at subgap energies within the superconducting vortex to realize a giant thermoelectric response in the presence of fluxons.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFQuantum Thermodynamics of Nonequilibrium Processes in Lattice Gauge Theories.
Phys Rev Lett
December 2024
Joint Center for Quantum Information and Computer Science, NIST and University of Maryland, College Park, Maryland 20742, USA.
A key objective in nuclear and high-energy physics is to describe nonequilibrium dynamics of matter, e.g., in the early Universe and in particle colliders, starting from the standard model of particle physics.
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