Anti-tumour effects of triple therapy with octreotide, galanin and serotonin in comparison with those of 5-fluorouracil/leukovorin on human colon cancer.

Human colon cancer cells were injected subcutaneous in nude mice. After 8 days the animals were divided in two groups, the first group received triple therapy with octreotide, galanin and serotonin (40 microg/kg body weight/day) through an ALZET osmotic pump implanted intraperitoneally (i.p.) for 14 days, followed by 5 days of subcutaneous injections (200 microg/kg body weight/ day). The second group was injected i.p. for 5 days with 5-fluorouracil/leukovorin (5-FU/LV) at concentrations of 4 mg and 2 mg/kg body weight, respectively. After 9 days without any treatment, the mice received i.p. injection with 5-FU/LV (20 mg and 10 mg/kg body weight/day, respectively) for another 5 days. The volume and weight of the tumours were measured at the end of the experiment. Apoptosis, proliferation, blood vessels, epidermal growth factor (EGF) and vascular endothelial cell growth factor (VEGF) were detected with immunocytochemistry. Apoptosis was also detected using the TUNEL-method. Quantification was performed using computed image analysis. There was no statistical significance between tumours treated with 5-FU/LV or triple therapy regarding the volume and weights of the tumours, apoptotic, proliferation, VEGF indces and the density of tumour blood vessels. The EGF labelling index was, however significantly lower in the tumours treated with triple therapy than those treated with 5-FU/LV. In conclusion, treatment with triple therapy using octreotide, galanin and serotonin appear to be comparable with 5-FU/LV that is the standard chemotherapeutic agent for colorectal cancer.