The intricate siliceous architectures of diatom species have inspired our exploration of biosilicification. In vitro studies of natural systems within the area of silica biosynthesis are complicated. Previous studies, which included biomimetic approaches, often failed to recognize the chemistry of silicic acid and its analogues. To better understand the role of various proteins in the biosilicification process, recent studies have been conducted to test the ability of enzymes to catalyze the formation and cleavage of siloxane bonds. Notably, biocatalysis at silicon was observed. Further understanding of the biotransformation strategy in the design and synthesis of structurally complex materials would be beneficial.
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http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.copbio.2005.06.003 | DOI Listing |
BMC Med Genomics
January 2025
Department of Surgery, Faculty of General of Medicine, Koya University, Koya, Kurdistan Region - F.R., KOY45, Iraq.
Background: During mammalian spermatogenesis, the cytoskeleton system plays a significant role in morphological changes. Male infertility such as non-obstructive azoospermia (NOA) might be explained by studies of the cytoskeletal system during spermatogenesis.
Methods: The cytoskeleton, scaffold, and actin-binding genes were analyzed by microarray and bioinformatics (771 spermatogenic cellsgenes and 774 Sertoli cell genes).
Plants (Basel)
January 2025
Department of Plant Sciences, College of Agricultural and Marine Sciences, Sultan Qaboos University, Muscat 123, Oman.
The (citrus) plant produces various phytohormones due to the significant involvement of the carotenoid cleavage oxygenase () gene family in its growth and development. genes can be divided into two main categories: (9-cis-epoxy carotenoid dioxygenase), responsible for abscisic acid (ABA) production, and (carotenoid cleavage dioxygenase), involved in pigment and strigolactone formation. To better understand the roles and positions of gene members in relation to these hormones, researchers analyzed the clementine genome.
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January 2025
Dipartimento di Chimica, Università di Pavia, Via Taramelli 12, 27100 Pavia, Italy.
Spontaneous cleavage reactions normally occur in vivo on amino acid peptide backbones, leading to fragmentation products that can have different physiological roles and toxicity, particularly when the substrate of the hydrolytic processes are neuronal peptides and proteins highly related to neurodegeneration. We report a hydrolytic study performed with the HPLC-MS technique at different temperatures (4 °C and 37 °C) on peptide fragments of different neuronal proteins (amyloid-β, tau, and α-synuclein) in physiological conditions in the presence of Cu and Zn ions, two metal ions found at millimolar concentrations in amyloid plaques. The coordination of these metal ions with these peptides significantly protects their backbones toward hydrolytic degradation, preserving the entire sequences over two weeks in solution, while the free peptides in the same buffer are fully fragmented after the same or even shorter incubation period.
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January 2025
School of Environment and Public Health, Xiamen Huaxia University, Xiamen 361024, China.
In this study, we present the HOAc-catalyzed selective cleavage of the C=C double bond of enaminones, enabling the formation of a new C-N bond and a new C=N bond for the one-pot synthesis of 2-substituted 3,4-dihydroquinazolines directly from ynones and 2-(aminomethyl)anilines. This method operates in ethanol under transition-metal-free and oxidant-free conditions, offering a sustainable and efficient approach for the synthesis of 3,4-dihydroquinazolines with broad functional group tolerance.
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January 2025
Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of North Florida, Jacksonville, FL 32224, USA.
The formation of water structures can provide significant benefits in organic reactions, stabilizing charge and lowering activation energies. Hydrolysis reactions will frequently rely on water networks to accomplish these goals. Here, we used computational chemistry and experimental kinetics to investigate a model thioester molecule S-ethyl trifluorothioacetate, and extended work on a previously characterized ester p-nitrophenyl trifluoroacetate.
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