Multidetector row computed tomography for diagnosing intraductal extension of breast carcinoma.

Objectives: Several reports supported the association of higher ipsilateral breast tumor recurrence rates with positive or intermediate margins compared with negative pathologic margins. Precise evaluation of intraductal component and adequate surgical margin are important factors affecting the tumor recurrence after breast conserving surgery. Numerous studies have reported the utility of magnetic resonance imaging for diagnosing developing intraductal extension of breast cancer, but few have investigated multidetector-row computed tomography (MD-CT). The present study evaluated the clinical utility of MD-CT for detecting intraductal extension of breast carcinoma, and analyzed clinical parameters affecting the detection of intraductal extension under MD-CT.

Methods: Subjects comprised 44 patients grouped into three categories according to degree of intraductal extension of the main tumor under MD-CT (Intraductal spread grade 1 approximately 3: IDS 1 approximately 3). Tumors were also categorized histopathologically (p-IDS 0 approximately 3), and CT-pathological correlations were examined retrospectively. Clinical parameters were evaluated to determine the affect on detection of intraductal components.

Results: MD-CT detected 44 breast lesions (100%). Sensitivity for detection of intraductal component was 81.2%, specificity was 67.8%, and accuracy was 72.7%. Regarding extent of intraductal components, significant correlations were found between histopathological and MD-CT findings. A strong correlation was found in postmenopausal women between T2 tumor and high histological grade.

Conclusions: MD-CT findings of intraductal extension from breast carcinoma correlate with histological degree of intraductal extension, and MD-CT may be useful for preoperative assessment of breast-conserving surgery, particularly for postmenopausal women with histological high nuclear grade and T2 tumor.