[A case of Osler-Weber-Rendu syndrome: therapeutic embolization of the pulmonary artery and bronchial artery].

We encountered a case in which the symptoms of hypoxia and hemoptysis improved after performing repeated pulmonary artery embolizations and bronchial artery embolization. A 22-year-old man was hospitalized in our institution with high fever, headache and unconsciousness in May of 2001. Subendocranial abscess was diagnosed, so we performed antibiotic therapy and drainage, but at that time he showed symptoms of hypoxia. We diagnosed Osler-Weber-Rendu syndrome because of multiple small nodular shadows in his chest CT, multiple arteriovenous fistulae in both lungs on pulmonary arteriography, and telangiectasis. We performed pulmonary artery embolization 6 times, and his hypoxia and right to left shunts improved. In the course of our therapy, hemoptysis appeared and dilatation of vessels was detected in the left bronchial arteriography, so we performed embolization of the left bronchial artery and the symptom improved. We concluded that we should take care to detect not only pulmonary arterial lesions but also bronchial arterial leisions in the diagnosis and therapy of respiratory symptoms of Osler-Weber-Rendu syndrome.