Severity: Warning
Message: file_get_contents(https://...@gmail.com&api_key=61f08fa0b96a73de8c900d749fcb997acc09): Failed to open stream: HTTP request failed! HTTP/1.1 429 Too Many Requests
Filename: helpers/my_audit_helper.php
Line Number: 143
Backtrace:
File: /var/www/html/application/helpers/my_audit_helper.php
Line: 143
Function: file_get_contents
File: /var/www/html/application/helpers/my_audit_helper.php
Line: 209
Function: simplexml_load_file_from_url
File: /var/www/html/application/helpers/my_audit_helper.php
Line: 994
Function: getPubMedXML
File: /var/www/html/application/helpers/my_audit_helper.php
Line: 3134
Function: GetPubMedArticleOutput_2016
File: /var/www/html/application/controllers/Detail.php
Line: 574
Function: pubMedSearch_Global
File: /var/www/html/application/controllers/Detail.php
Line: 488
Function: pubMedGetRelatedKeyword
File: /var/www/html/index.php
Line: 316
Function: require_once
Objectives: The purpose of this research was to test whether papillary muscle (PM) dysfunction attenuates ischemic mitral regurgitation (MR) in patients with left ventricular (LV) remodeling of a similar location and extent.
Background: Papillary muscle dysfunction could attenuate tethering and MR because of PM elongation. However, variability in the associated LV remodeling, which exaggerates tethering, can influence the relationship between PM dysfunction and MR.
Methods: In 40 patients with a previous inferior myocardial infarction but without other lesions, the LV volume, sphericity, PM tethering distance, PM longitudinal systolic strain, and MR fraction were quantified by echocardiography. The patients were divided into two groups: group 1 with significant basal inferoposterior LV bulging but without advanced LV bulging involving other territories, therefore with a similar location and extent of LV remodeling, and group 2 without significant LV bulging.
Results: The medial PM tethering distance was significantly correlated with the %MR fraction (r2 = 0.64, p < 0.01), and multiple regression analysis identified an increase in the tethering distance as the only independent determinant of the MR fraction in all subjects and also in group 1. The PM longitudinal systolic strain had no significant relationships with MR fraction in all subjects with variable degrees of LV remodeling, but it had a significant inverse correlation with the MR fraction (r2 = 0.33, p < 0.01) in group 1 with LV remodeling of a similar location and extent, indicating that PM dysfunction is associated with less MR.
Conclusions: Papillary muscle dysfunction, reducing its longitudinal contraction to induce leaflet tethering, attenuates ischemic MR in patients with basal inferior LV remodeling.
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http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jacc.2005.03.049 | DOI Listing |
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