The gravidic toxicity of the nicotinism on the fetus is now established. Certain long-term effects related to some substances, including certain unquestionable carcinogens, still remain to be evaluated. The risk of preterm birth is increased and the incidence of the intra-uterine growth retardation is high. Behavioral and physiological disorders, in particular metabolic, cardiac and respiratory disorders are observed from the first day of life. The risk of oro-facial malformations is not excluded. At mid-term the number of ORL and respiratory complications is higher and the risk of sudden infant death is almost doubled. The neonatale period should be used to assess the state of the newborn and to renew recommendations and advice for prevention. Breast feeding should and encouraged. This assessment also gives the mother an additional opportunity to reduce, to even cease smoking. A specialized consultation can be proposed if needed.
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