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Post-COVID metabolic enzyme alterations in K18-hACE2 mice exacerbate alcohol-induced liver injury through transcriptional regulation.
Free Radic Biol Med
January 2025
Korea Mouse Phenotyping Center, Seoul National University, Seoul 08826, Republic of Korea; Laboratory of Developmental Biology and Genomics, Research Institute for Veterinary Science, and BK21 PLUS Program for Creative Veterinary Science Research, College of Veterinary Medicine, Seoul National University, Seoul 08826, Republic of Korea; Interdisciplinary Program for Bioinformatics, Program for Cancer Biology and BIO-MAX/N-Bio Institute, Seoul National University, Seoul 08826, Republic of Korea. Electronic address:
Article Synopsis
- COVID-19, caused by SARS-CoV-2, poses serious global health risks, including the potential for secondary liver injury related to metabolic enzyme changes.
- This study explores how prior infection with SARS-CoV-2 affects alcohol-induced liver damage, using transgenic mice that express human ACE2.
- Results showed that infected mice experienced worsened liver injury after alcohol consumption, with alterations in metabolic enzymes and increased levels of a toxic alcohol byproduct, indicating a complex interaction between COVID-19 and alcohol effects on the liver.
Amino acid substrate specificities and tissue expression profiles of the nine CYP79A encoding genes in Sorghum bicolor.
Physiol Plant
January 2025
Plant Biochemistry Laboratory, Department of Plant and Environmental Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Frederiksberg C, Copenhagen, Denmark.
Cytochrome P450s of the CYP79 family catalyze two N-hydroxylation reactions, converting a selected number of amino acids into the corresponding oximes. The sorghum genome (Sorghum bicolor) harbours nine CYP79A encoding genes, and here sequence comparisons of the CYP79As along with their substrate recognition sites (SRSs) are provided. The substrate specificity of previously uncharacterized CYP79As was investigated by transient expression in Nicotiana benthamiana and subsequent transformation of the oximes formed into the corresponding stable oxime glucosides catalyzed by endogenous UDPG-glucosyltransferases (UGTs).
View Article and Find Full Text PDFA gut microbiota-independent mechanism shapes the bile acid pool in mice with MASH.
JHEP Rep
November 2024
Laboratory of Hepato-Gastroenterology, Institute of Experimental and Clinical Research, Université Catholique de Louvain, Brussels, Belgium.
Article Synopsis
- The study investigates how changes in bile acids contribute to metabolic dysfunction-associated steatohepatitis (MASH), focusing on the role of gut bacteria.
- Mice with MASH on a high-fat diet were compared to their wildtype counterparts to isolate the effects of MASH from diet and environmental factors.
- Findings show that MASH alters bile acid levels through mechanisms unrelated to gut microbiota, particularly highlighting increased enzyme activity in the liver that reduces secondary bile acid levels.
Biocatalytic oxyfunctionalization of unsaturated fatty acids to oxygenated chemicals via hydroxy fatty acids.
Biotechnol Adv
December 2024
Department of Food Science and Biotechnology, Ewha Womans University, 52 Ewhayeodae-gil, Seodaemun-Gu, Seoul 03760, Republic of Korea.
The selective oxyfunctionalization of unsaturated fatty acids is difficult in chemical reactions, whereas regio- and stereoselective oxyfunctionalization is often performed in biocatalytic synthesis. Fatty acid oxygenases, including hydratases, lipoxygenases, dioxygenases, diol synthases, cytochrome P450 monooxygenases, peroxygenases, and 12-hydroxylases, are used to convert C16 and C18 unsaturated fatty acids to diverse regio- and stereoselective mono-, di-, and trihydroxy fatty acids via selective oxyfunctionalization. The formed hydroxy fatty acids or hydroperoxy fatty acids are metabolized to industrially important oxygenated chemicals such as lactones, green leaf volatiles, and bioplastic monomers, including ω-hydroxy fatty acids, α,ω-dicarboxylic acids, and fatty alcohols, by biocatalysts.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFExtracellular electron transfer-dependent bioremediation of uranium-contaminated groundwater: Advancements and challenges.
Water Res
December 2024
State Key Laboratory of Urban Water Resource and Environment, School of Environment, Harbin Institute of Technology, Harbin 150090, China; State Key Laboratory of Urban Water Resource and Environment, School of Civil & Environmental Engineering, Harbin Institute of Technology (Shenzhen), Shenzhen 518055, China. Electronic address:
Efficient and sustainable remediation of uranium-contaminated groundwater is critical for groundwater safety and the sustainable development of nuclear energy, particularly in the context of global carbon neutrality goals. This review explores the potential of microbial reduction processes that utilize extracellular electron transfer (EET) to convert soluble uranium (U(VI)) into its insoluble form (U(IV)), presenting a promising approach to groundwater remediation. The review first outlines the key processes and factors influencing the effectiveness of dissimilatory metal-reducing bacteria (DMRB), such as Geobacter and Shewanella, during uranium bioremediation and recovery.
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