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Middle cerebral artery hypodense dot sign in iatrogenic air embolism.

Neurol Sci

December 2024

Department of Neurology and Stroke Unit, ASST Grande Ospedale Metropolitano Niguarda, Milan, Italy.

Article Synopsis
  • Air embolism is an uncommon cause of stroke, often linked to medical procedures, with this case specifically highlighting its occurrence after a gastroscopy.
  • The patient exhibited symptoms like aphasia and weakness on one side of the body due to blockage in a brain artery but managed to recover completely.
  • A CT scan showed a specific "hypodense dot sign" indicating the presence of air in the brain, which can help in diagnosing air embolism quickly for effective treatment.
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AST: An OpenSim-based tool for the automatic scaling of generic musculoskeletal models.

Comput Biol Med

June 2024

Department of Civil and Industrial Engineering, University of Pisa, Italy; Center for Rehabilitative Medicine "Sport and Anatomy", University of Pisa, Italy.

Article Synopsis
  • The paper presents the Automatic Scaling Tool (AST), which improves and speeds up the scaling process for musculoskeletal (MSK) simulations in OpenSim.
  • The AST automates the adjustment of virtual marker locations through scaling and inverse kinematics, achieving higher accuracy by using root mean square error (RMSE) evaluations.
  • Testing showed that AST outperformed manual scaling significantly, achieving a lower RMSE in both static trials and gait tasks, and providing reliable results in a short time frame.
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We present the case of a 48-year-old-woman with apparently isolated central nervous system Erdheim-Chester disease characterized by brainstem involvement. Erdheim-Chester disease is extremely rare and multisystem impairment should always be sought in the suspicion of such pathology.

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Background And Objectives: alemtuzumab is a monoclonal anti-CD52 antibody acting on B and T cells in highly active multiple sclerosis (MS). We analyzed changes in lymphocyte subsets after alemtuzumab administration in relation to disease activity and autoimmune adverse events.

Methods: lymphocyte subset counts were assessed longitudinally using linear mixed models.

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