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Photochemistry of dissolved organic matter derived from compost.
Sci Total Environ
December 2024
College of Natural Resources and Environment, Northwest A&F University, Yangling 712100, PR China. Electronic address:
The extensive application of compost to enhance soil quality highlights the crucial role of dissolved organic matter (DOM) derived from compost in both terrestrial and aquatic ecosystems, influencing carbon cycling and the fate of contaminants. However, the photochemical behavior of compost-derived DOM (DOM) remains poorly understood. In this study, we investigated the photochemical transformation and photoactivity of DOM derived from typical composts produced from cow manure (CDOM) and pig manure (PDOM).
View Article and Find Full Text PDFChiral polaritonics: cavity-mediated enantioselective excitation condensation.
Rep Prog Phys
December 2024
Department of Chemistry, Norwegian University of Science and Technology Faculty of Natural Sciences, Høgskoleringen 1, Trondheim, 7491, NORWAY.
Separation of the two mirror images of a chiral molecule, the enantiomers, is a historically complicated problem of major relevance for biological systems. Since chiral molecules are optically active, it has been speculated that strong coupling to circularly polarized fields may be used as a general procedure to unlock enantiospecific reactions. In this work, we focus on how chiral cavities can be used to drive asymmetry in the photochemistry of chiral molecular systems.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFWavelength-dependent intersystem crossing dynamics of phenolic carbonyls in wildfire emissions.
Phys Chem Chem Phys
December 2024
Department of Chemistry, University of Helsinki, FI-00014 Helsinki, Finland.
Quantum chemical calculations were employed to construct Jablonski diagrams for a series of phenolic carbonyls, including vanillin, iso-vanillin, 4-hydroxybenzaldehyde, syringaldehyde, and coniferyl aldehyde. These molecules can enter the Earth's atmosphere from forest fire emissions and participate in photochemical reactions within the atmospheric condensed phase, including cloud and fog droplets and aqueous aerosol particles. This photochemistry alters the composition of light-absorbing organic content, or brown carbon, in droplets and particles through the formation and destruction of key chromophores.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFAutonomous phototaxis of hydrogel swimmers.
Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A
December 2024
Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Northwestern University, Evanston, IL 60208.
Article Synopsis
- Researchers are working on creating synthetic soft materials that mimic living organisms' behaviors, specifically those that can sense and adapt to their environments.
- This study focuses on a hybrid hydrogel made from peptide amphiphile nanofibers and photoresponsive materials that can swim using aligned ferromagnetic nanowires and respond to light.
- The findings showcase the potential of using hybrid polymers that combine supramolecular and covalent structures to develop intelligent systems that can autonomously react to their surroundings.
Photochemical behavior of dissolved organic matter in environmental surface waters: A review.
Eco Environ Health
December 2024
State Key Laboratory of Pollution Control and Resource Reuse, School of Environment, Nanjing University, Nanjing 210023, China.
Article Synopsis
- Dissolved organic matter (DOM) is crucial for carbon recycling in aquatic ecosystems and its photochemical behavior significantly influences this process.
- * Research over the past 30 years has focused on the generation of reactive species (RS) from DOM under sunlight, but there’s been limited comprehensive analysis of its behavior in both freshwater and seawater environments.
- * The unique properties of seawater, including high pH and ionic strength, affect how RS are produced and how they interact with other substances, impacting environmental transformations and possibly human and ecological health.
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