Community-acquired respiratory tract infections (RTIs) account for a substantial proportion of outpatient antimicrobial drug prescriptions worldwide. Concern over the emergence of multidrug resistance in pneumococci has largely been focused on penicillin-resistant Streptococcus pneumoniae. Macrolide antimicrobial drugs have been widely used to empirically treat community-acquired RTIs because of their efficacy in treating both common and atypical respiratory pathogens, including S. pneumoniae. However, increased macrolide use has been associated with a global increase in pneumococcal resistance, which is leading to concern over the continued clinical efficacy of the macrolides to treat community-acquired RTIs. We provide an overview of macrolide-resistant S. pneumoniae and assess the impact of this resistance on the empiric treatment of community-acquired RTIs.
Download full-text PDF |
Source |
|---|---|
| http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC3367596 | PMC |
| http://dx.doi.org/10.3201/eid1106.050147 | DOI Listing |
Publication Analysis
Top Keywords
Similar Publications
Aerobic bacteria study, clinical spectrum, and outcome of patients with community-acquired multidrug-resistant pathogens.
J Family Med Prim Care
November 2024
Consultant Clinical Microbiologist, Department of Laboratory Medicine, KIMS SAVEERA Hospital, Anantapur, Andhra Pradesh, India.
Context: Infectious diseases are the leading cause of death in developing countries like India. Hence, even small relative increases in the mortality rate for infections due to multidrug-resistant pathogens would lead to substantial increases in the number of deaths as a result of infections worldwide.
Aims: The aim of the study was to study the microbiological data of community-acquired pathogens and the corresponding outcomes due to antibiotic-resistant versus antibiotic-susceptible bacterial microorganisms.
Risk of unintended consequences from lower antibiotic prescribing for respiratory tract infections in primary care.
J Infect
October 2024
HCAI, Fungal, AMR, AMU & Sepsis Division, Clinical & Public Health Group, UK Health Security Agency, UK; NIHR Health Protection Research Unit in Healthcare Associated Infections and Antimicrobial Resistance at University of Oxford in Partnership with the UK Health Security Agency, Oxford, UK.
Objectives: About 60% of antibiotic prescribing in primary care is for respiratory tract infections (RTIs), some of which is likely unnecessary. There is limited evidence on the association between reduced antibiotic prescribing and adverse events. We aimed to identify associations between practice-level prescribing rates for RTIs in general practice, and patient-level adverse outcomes.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFPneumonia Characteristics in an Intensive Care Unit Setting during and after the COVID-19 Pandemic-A Single-Center Prospective Study.
J Clin Med
May 2024
Department and Clinic of Anaesthesiology and Intensive Therapy, Wroclaw Medical University, L. Pasteura Street 1, 50-367 Wroclaw, Poland.
During and after the COVID-19 pandemic, there was a suspicion of varying rates of respiratory tract infections (RTIs), particularly pneumonia (PN). : This research evaluated epidemiological indicators of community-acquired pneumonia (CAP) and hospital-acquired pneumonia (HAP) in the COVID-19 pandemic and post-pandemic period, including pathogens, ventilator-associated pneumonia (VAP), selected risk factors, and PN mortality. : At 1740 patients, throughout the 22,774 patient-days (Pt-D) and 18,039 ventilation days (Vt-D), there were 681 PN cases (39.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFIdentifying excessive length of antibiotic treatment duration for hospital-acquired infections: a semi-automated approach to support antimicrobial stewardship.
Antimicrob Resist Infect Control
May 2024
Department of Medical Microbiology and Infection Prevention, Amsterdam UMC, University of Amsterdam, Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, Amsterdam, The Netherlands.
Background: Avoiding excessive antibiotic treatment duration is a fundamental goal in antimicrobial stewardship. Manual collection of data is a time-consuming process, but a semi-automated approach for data extraction has been shown feasible for community-acquired infections (CAI). Extraction of data however may be more challenging in hospital-acquired infections (HAI).
View Article and Find Full Text PDFShorter and Longer Antibiotic Durations for Respiratory Infections: To Fight Antimicrobial Resistance-A Retrospective Cross-Sectional Study in a Secondary Care Setting in the UK.
Pharmaceuticals (Basel)
March 2024
Department of Clinical Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences, School of Life and Medical Sciences, University of Hertfordshire, Hatfield AL10 9AB, UK.
As antimicrobial resistance (AMR) escalates globally, examining antibiotic treatment durations for respiratory infections becomes increasingly pertinent, especially in the context of the COVID-19 pandemic. In a UK secondary care setting, this retrospective study was carried out to assess the appropriateness of antibiotic treatment durations-shorter (≤5 days) versus longer (6-7 days and >8 days)-for respiratory tract infections (RTIs) in 640 adults across 2019 and 2020, in accordance with local antimicrobial guidelines. The analysis employed these guidelines and clinical evidence to examine the effectiveness and suitability of antibiotic prescribing practices.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFWant AI Summaries of new PubMed Abstracts delivered to your In-box?
Enter search terms and have AI summaries delivered each week - change queries or unsubscribe any time!