Objective: To compare the performance of 3 severity of illness (SOI) indices--the Comprehensive Severity Index (CSI), All Patient Refined Diagnosis Related Groups Severity of Illness, case-mix group (CMG)--and 5 well-known neurologic parameters, as measures of medical complexity.
Design: Retrospective chart review.
Setting: Inpatient rehabilitation center within a level I trauma center.
Participants: Consecutive traumatic brain injury (TBI) admissions (N=212).
Intervention: Acute inpatient TBI rehabilitation. CSI and neurologic parameters were scored by chart extraction. SOI was based on diagnosis codes by using 3M PC Grouper software, version 15.
Main Outcome Measures: Adjusted R 2 was used to predict rehabilitation charges as a proxy of medical complexity.
Results: The highest adjusted R 2 values for single variables predicting charges were: CMG .349, CSI .293, duration of posttraumatic amnesia .260. Adjusted R 2 values for the CMG combined with the CSI, 5 neurologic parameters, and SOI to predict charges were .446, .431, and .365, respectively.
Conclusions: The CMG was the best single predictor of rehabilitation charges for TBI. Predictive ability was better when the CMG was combined with the CSI or a combination of the 5 neurologic parameters. A severity index based on objective clinical findings rather than diagnostic codes may have distinct advantages for rehabilitation outcome studies and reimbursement methodology.
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