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Update on the immunological mechanisms of primary graft dysfunction and chronic lung allograft dysfunction.
Curr Opin Organ Transplant
December 2024
Department of Surgery, Section of Transplantation, University of Chicago, Chicago, Illinois.
Article Synopsis
- Primary graft dysfunction (PGD) and chronic lung allograft dysfunction (CLAD) are the main reasons lung transplants fail, and research using mouse models is helping to understand the specific biological pathways involved.
- Recent studies have identified key immune cells and their interactions that contribute to PGD and CLAD, including the role of different types of monocytes, neutrophils, and T cells.
- There is an urgent need for better targeted treatments to manage PGD and CLAD, and ongoing research is revealing new potential prevention and treatment strategies for lung transplant recipients.
Nasal continuous positive airway pressure immediately after extubation for preventing morbidity in preterm infants.
Cochrane Database Syst Rev
October 2024
Newborn Research Centre and Neonatal Services, The Royal Women's Hospital, Melbourne, Australia.
Article Synopsis
- Preterm infants often face the risk of respiratory failure after being extubated from invasive ventilation, and this can occur due to issues like apnoea and hypoxia. Traditionally, they were extubated to head box oxygen or low-flow nasal cannulas, but non-invasive support such as nasal continuous positive airway pressure (NCPAP) may enhance extubation success by stabilizing the airway and improving lung function.
- The objective of the reviewed study is to find out if using NCPAP right after extubation can lower the occurrence of reintubation and the need for further ventilatory support in preterm infants, while ensuring there are no significant negative side effects.
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Early serum biomarkers to characterise different phenotypes of primary graft dysfunction after lung transplantation: a systematic scoping review.
ERJ Open Res
July 2024
Department of Anesthesia, Critical Care and Emergency, Fondazione IRCCS Ca' Granda - Ospedale Maggiore Policlinico, Milan, Italy.
Background: Lung transplantation (LUTX) is often complicated by primary graft dysfunction (PGD). Plasma biomarkers hold potential for PGD phenotyping and targeted therapy. This scoping review aims to collect the available literature in search of serum biomarkers for PGD phenotyping.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFOperational effectiveness of tafenoquine and primaquine for the prevention of Plasmodium vivax recurrence in Brazil: a retrospective observational study.
Lancet Infect Dis
June 2024
Fundação de Medicina Tropical Doutor Heitor Vieira Dourado, Manaus, Brazil; Instituto Leônidas & Maria Deane, Fiocruz, Manaus, Brazil; University of Texas Medical Branch, Galveston, TX, USA. Electronic address:
Background: Prevention of Plasmodium vivax malaria recurrence is essential for malaria elimination in Brazil. We evaluated the real-world effectiveness of an updated treatment algorithm for P vivax radical cure in the Brazilian Amazon.
Methods: In this non-interventional observational study, we used retrospective data from the implementation of a P vivax treatment algorithm at 43 health facilities in Manaus and Porto Velho, Brazil.
Risk factors for prolonged grief symptoms: A systematic review and meta-analysis.
Clin Psychol Rev
February 2024
Unit for Bereavement Research, Dept. of Psychology and Behavioural Sciences, Aarhus University, Aarhus, Denmark.
Background: The diagnosis Prolonged Grief Disorder (PGD) has recently been included in ICD-11 and DSM-5-TR. To identify individuals who need help coping with grief, knowledge is needed about who is at risk of developing PGD. We, therefore, conducted a comprehensive systematic review and meta-analysis of the available literature on risk factors for prolonged grief symptoms (PGS).
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