We examined the gender-related association between household exposure to environmental tobacco smoke (ETS) and pulmonary function among 862 children and adolescents aged 6 to 17 years living in the town of Humboldt, Saskatchewan, in 1993. Pulmonary function tests included forced vital capacity (FVC), forced expiratory volume in one second (FEV1), maximum mid-expiratory flow rate (FEF25-75), and flow rates at 75%, 50%, and 25% of vital capacity (Vmax75, Vmax50, and Vmax25). Each pulmonary function test variable was regressed on age, height, weight, and their quadratic and cubic polynomials, with the terms significant at the alpha level of 0.10 being retained. Residuals for the pulmonary function test variables, which are the differences between the observed and predicted values, were calculated. Estimations of ETS exposure were parental smoking status, number of household smokers, total daily cigarette consumption, and number of cigarettes smoked daily at home by household members. Maternal smoking status was significantly related to residual FEF25-75, Vmax75, Vmax50, and Vmax25. Number of household smokers and daily cigarette consumption by household members were significantly associated with FEV1, FEF25-75, Vmax75, Vmax50, and Vmax25, and the association between ETS exposure and pulmonary function was stronger in girls than in boys. Interaction of gender and number of cigarettes smoked daily at home was significantly related to FEF25-75, Vmax75, Vmax50, and Vmax25 among the non-smoking subjects. We concluded that ETS exposure had a larger effect on pulmonary function in girls than in boys.
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http://dx.doi.org/10.13031/2013.18183 | DOI Listing |
Medicine (Baltimore)
January 2025
Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, Zhongshan City People's Hospital, Zhongshan, Guangdong Province, China.
Rationale: ROS proto-oncogene 1 (ROS1) fusion is a rare but important driver mutation in non-small cell lung cancer, which usually shows significant sensitivity to small molecule tyrosine kinase inhibitors. With the widespread application of next-generation sequencing (NGS), more fusions and co-mutations of ROS1 have been discovered. Non-muscle myosin heavy chain 9 (MYH9) is a rare fusion partner of ROS1 gene as reported.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFMedicine (Baltimore)
January 2025
Department of Thoracic Surgery, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, China.
While recent studies suggested a potential causal link between type 1 diabetes mellitus (T1DM) but not type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) and idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis (IPF), the involved mechanism remains unclear. Here, using a Mendelian randomization (MR) approach, we verified the causal relationship between the two types of diabetes mellitus and IPF and investigated the possible role of inflammation in the association between diabetes mellitus and IPF. Based on genome-wide association study (GWAS) summary data of T1DM, T2DM, and IPF, the univariable MR, multivariable MR (MVMR), and mediation MR were successively used to analyze the causal relationship.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFMedicine (Baltimore)
January 2025
National Clinical Research Center for Geriatric Disorders, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China.
The correlation between cathepsins and pulmonary arterial hypertension (PAH) is well-established, but the causative link between them remains uncertain. This study aimed to explore the causal role of circulating metabolites mediating cathepsins in PAH using Mendelian randomization (MR). A 2-sample 2-step MR method was used to identify causal relationship between cathepsins and PAH; causal relationship between circulating metabolites and PAH; and mediated effects of these circulating metabolites.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFJ Med Internet Res
January 2025
Division of Clinical Pathology, Department of Pathology, Tri-Service General Hospital, National Defense Medical Center, Taipei, Taiwan.
Background: Sepsis, a critical global health challenge, accounted for approximately 20% of worldwide deaths in 2017. Although the Sequential Organ Failure Assessment (SOFA) score standardizes the diagnosis of organ dysfunction, early sepsis detection remains challenging due to its insidious symptoms. Current diagnostic methods, including clinical assessments and laboratory tests, frequently lack the speed and specificity needed for timely intervention, particularly in vulnerable populations such as older adults, intensive care unit (ICU) patients, and those with compromised immune systems.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFJCO Precis Oncol
January 2025
Karmanos Cancer Institute and Department of Oncology, Wayne State University School of Medicine, Detroit, MI.
Purpose: Although lung cancer is one of the most common malignancies, the underlying genetics regarding susceptibility remain poorly understood. We characterized the spectrum of pathogenic/likely pathogenic (P/LP) germline variants within DNA damage response (DDR) genes among lung cancer cases and controls in non-Hispanic Whites (NHWs) and African Americans (AAs).
Materials And Methods: Rare, germline variants in 67 DDR genes with evidence of pathogenicity were identified using the ClinVar database.
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