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Potential Interactions Between Soil-Transmitted Helminths and Herpes Simplex Virus Type II: Implications for Sexual and Reproductive Health in Sub-Saharan African.
Biology (Basel)
December 2024
Department of Medical Microbiology, College of Health Sciences, School of Laboratory Medicine & Medical Sciences, Nelson R. Mandela School of Medicine, University of KwaZulu-Natal, Durban 4001, South Africa.
Sub-Saharan Africa (SSA) bears a disproportionate and overlapping burden of soil-transmitted helminths (STHs) and sexually transmitted viral infections. An estimated 232 million pre-school and school-aged children in SSA are vulnerable to STH infections. Together with this, SSA has a high prevalence of herpes simplex virus type II (HSV-2), the primary cause of genital herpes.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFSevere Acute Liver Injury From Hemophagocytic Lymphohistiocytosis Related to Disseminated Herpes Simplex Virus Type 1 in a Young Immunocompetent Man.
ACG Case Rep J
January 2025
Stony Brook Medicine, Department of Medicine, Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Stony Brook University Hospital, Stony Brook, NY.
Although herpes simplex virus, Epstein-Barr virus, and hemophagocytic lymphohistiocytosis are known causes of severe acute liver injury with or without liver failure, these diseases occur almost exclusively in immunocompromised and elderly patients. We report a case of an immunocompetent young man with no medical history who presented with a subacute cough and persistent fevers in the setting of a penile chancre. He was found to have severely elevated liver chemistries and was subsequently diagnosed with hemophagocytic lymphohistiocytosis because of disseminated herpes simplex virus type 1 and Epstein-Barr virus coinfection.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFHerpes simplex virus type 2 in sub-Saharan Africa and the potential impact of helminth immune modulation.
Front Cell Infect Microbiol
December 2024
Department of Medical Microbiology, College of Health Sciences, School of Laboratory Medicine & Medical Sciences, Nelson R. Mandela School of Medicine, University of KwaZulu-Natal, Durban, South Africa.
Herpes simplex virus type 2 (HSV-2) and helminth infections are among the most widespread infectious diseases in sub-Saharan Africa (SSA). Helminths are known to modulate host immune responses and consequently impact the severity and outcomes of unrelated diseases, including allergies, autoimmune conditions, and infectious diseases. In this way, helminths may modulate essential immune responses against HSV-2 during co-infection and may alter susceptibility to and pathology of HSV-2.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFAdditional expression of T-cell engager in clinically tested oncolytic adeno-immunotherapy redirects tumor-infiltrated, irrelevant T cells against cancer cells to enhance antitumor immunity.
J Immunother Cancer
December 2024
Department of Medicine, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX, USA
Background: Oncolytic adenoviruses (OAds) are the most clinically tested viral vectors for solid tumors. However, most clinically tested "Armed" OAds show limited antitumor effects in patients with various solid tumors even with increased dosages and multiple injections. We developed a binary oncolytic/helper-dependent adenovirus system (CAdVEC), in which tumors are coinfected with an OAd and a non-replicating helper-dependent Ad (HDAd).
View Article and Find Full Text PDFCo-infection of HSV-1 amplicons containing the gene and a human artificial chromosome vector into primary XPC deficient fibroblast cells.
Biochem Biophys Rep
December 2024
Tufts University, Department of Biomedical Engineering, 4 Colby Street, Medford, 02155, USA.
Article Synopsis
- Gene therapy is being explored for xeroderma pigmentosum (XP), a genetic condition that greatly increases the risk of skin cancer due to defective DNA repair.
- Large gene sizes pose challenges for traditional gene therapy methods, but researchers have developed artificial chromosome vectors to successfully deliver and express larger genes.
- A dual transduction system was created, allowing the introduction of genes over 100 Kb into human cells, and it was demonstrated that this method works for both human fibrosarcoma cells and patient cells lacking the XPC gene.
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