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Modulation of Tumor-Associated Macrophages to Overcome Immune Suppression in the Hepatocellular Carcinoma Microenvironment.
Cancers (Basel)
December 2024
Department of Radiological Sciences, School of Medicine, University of California, Irvine, CA 92617, USA.
Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) is a major global health issue characterized by poor prognosis and complex tumor biology. One of the critical components of the HCC tumor microenvironment (TME) is tumor-associated macrophages (TAMs), which play a pivotal role in modulating tumor growth, immune evasion, and metastasis. Macrophages are divided into two major subtypes: pro-inflammatory M1 and anti-inflammatory M2, both of which may exist in TME with altered function and proportion.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFDischarge Against Medical Advice in Cancer Patients: Insights from a Multicenter Study in Germany.
Cancers (Basel)
December 2024
Epidemiology, IQVIA, 60549 Frankfurt, Germany.
Background: Discharge against medical advice (DAMA) disrupts continuity of care and is associated with increased readmission rates, morbidity, and mortality. While extensively studied in general hospital populations, its prevalence and associated factors in cancer patients, where treatment adherence is critical for outcomes, remain underexplored.
Methods: This multicenter, cross-sectional study analyzed anonymized data from the IQVIA hospital database, including cancer patients hospitalized in 36 German hospitals between January 2019 and December 2023.
Fructose-Induced Metabolic Dysfunction Is Dependent on the Baseline Diet, the Length of the Dietary Exposure, and Sex of the Mice.
Nutrients
December 2024
Department of Pharmacology and Nutritional Sciences, University of Kentucky College of Medicine, Lexington, KY 40536, USA.
High sugar intake, particularly fructose, is implicated in obesity and metabolic complications. On the other hand, fructose from fruits and vegetables has undisputed benefits for metabolic health. This raises a paradoxical question-how the same fructose molecule can be associated with detrimental health effects in some studies and beneficial in others.
View Article and Find Full Text PDF4-Pyridone-3-carboxamide-1-β-D-ribonucleoside Reduces Cyclophosphamide Effects and Induces Endothelial Inflammation in Murine Breast Cancer Model.
Int J Mol Sci
December 2024
Department of Biochemistry, Medical University of Gdansk, 80-211 Gdańsk, Poland.
4-pyridone-3-carboxamide-1-β-D-ribonucleoside (4PYR) is a nicotinamide derivative, considered a new oncometabolite. 4PYR formation induced a cytotoxic effect on the endothelium. Elevated blood 4PYR concentration was observed in patients with cancer.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFEffects of Metamizole, 4-Methylaminoantipyrine, and 4-Aminoantipyrine on LX-2 Liver Cell Line Viability and Apoptosis.
Molecules
December 2024
Department of Preclinical Sciences, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Agricultural Sciences and Veterinary Medicine Cluj-Napoca, 400372 Cluj-Napoca, Romania.
Metamizole (dipyrone) is a non-opioid analgesic widely used in human and veterinary medicine, despite ongoing concerns about its safety due to risks such as agranulocytosis and potential hepatotoxicity. This study investigates the cytotoxic (MTT assay) and pro-apoptotic effects of metamizole and its primary metabolites, 4-methylaminoantipyrine (4-MAA) and 4-aminoantipyrine (4-AA), on the LX-2 liver cell line. These metabolites are implicated in both the therapeutic and adverse effects of the drug.
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