Oral candidiasis can be an early sign of illness or disease progression in HIV/AIDS and other immuno-compromised states. Oral lesions associated with fungal infections present in a variety of forms, including a few of previously unknown etiology. Diagnosing these variants of disease can be challenging because of their atypical clinical presentation. Moreover, the emergence of new candida species, drug resistance and immature immune systems add to the complexity of this condition, especially in children.
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Background: Candidiasis can be present as a cutaneous, mucosal, or deep-seated organ infection, which is caused by more than 20 types of Candida spp., with C. albicans being the most common.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFIntravaginal cooling provides symptom relief in women with vulvovaginal candidiasis and reduces immunopathology in an accompanying mouse model.
J Infect Dis
January 2025
Department of Oral and Craniofacial Biology, School of Dentistry, LSU Health New Orleans, USA.
Background: Vulvovaginal candidiasis (VVC), caused primarily by Candida albicans, is currently treated with either prescription or over-the-counter antifungal drugs, often with variable efficacy and relapses. New and improved therapeutic strategies, including drug-free treatment alternatives, are needed. Upon overgrowth or environmental triggers, C.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFEvaluation of antifungal effect of amphotericin B in comparison with nystatin on Candida species derived from patients undergoing head-and-neck radiotherapy.
Dent Res J (Isfahan)
December 2024
Department of Endodontics, Kashan University of Medical Sciences, Kashan, Iran.
Background: There is ample evidence showing the development of nystatin-resistant strains in patients undergoing malignancy treatment. Amphotericin B is a polyene antifungal drug that combines with ergosterol to cause cell death and is more effective on fungal species than routine antifungals such as nystatin. This study aimed to compare the effect of nystatin and amphotericin B on fungal species isolated from patients before and during head-and-neck radiotherapy.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFAntifungal effect of atorvastatin in comparison with fluconazole on species isolated from patients undergoing head-and-neck radiotherapy.
Dent Res J (Isfahan)
December 2024
Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Medicine, Dental Research Center, Dental Research Institute, School of Dentistry, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, Iran.
Background: Head-and-neck radiotherapy can change oral species and lead to the development of refractory oral candidiasis resistant to the commonly prescribed antifungal medications such as fluconazole. Atorvastatin exerts an antifungal effect by inhibiting the synthesis of fungal wall ergosterol and impairing mitochondrial function. This study aimed to compare the antifungal effects of fluconazole and atorvastatin on species isolated from patients undergoing head-and-neck radiotherapy.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFLong-Term Safety and Efficacy of Bimekizumab in Axial Spondyloarthritis: 2-Year Results from Two Phase 3 Studies.
Rheumatology (Oxford)
January 2025
Department of Medicine/Rheumatology, University of California, San Francisco, California, USA.
Objectives: Bimekizumab, a monoclonal IgG1 antibody that selectively inhibits interleukin (IL)‑17F in addition to IL-17A, previously demonstrated efficacy and was well tolerated to 1 year in patients with non-radiographic (nr-) and radiographic (r-) axial spondyloarthritis (axSpA). Here, we report bimekizumab safety and efficacy to 2 years.
Methods: Patients completing week 52 in the phase 3 studies BE MOBILE 1 (nr-axSpA; NCT03928704) and 2 (r‑axSpA; NCT03928743) were eligible for an ongoing open‑label extension (OLE; NCT04436640).
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