The in vitro reducing agents were shown to promote the NP-NP association and to stabilize the NP oligomers, which dissociate when heated in non-reducing buffer. This confirms that non-covalent linkages in electrophoresis stabilize the influenza virus NP oligomers. The mobility of pulse-labeled and chased NPs in PAGE as well as their sensitivity to protease were investigated. The S-S bonds reduce at later stages of conformational maturation of NP; the disulfide-containing NP transforms itself into an NP free of S-S bonds with non-covalently linked NP-oligomers being subsequently formed. Presumably, the early disulfide-dependent stage in NP maturation is needed for the correct NP-NP association and for the protection of early monomeric NPs against protease action.
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