Curr Pharm Des
Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, Section of Pharmacology, University of Ferrara, via Fossato di Mortara, 17-19, 44100 Ferrara, Italy.
Published: May 2005
Kinins (bradykinin, kallidin and their active metabolites) are peptide autacoids with established functions in cardiovascular homeostasis, contraction and relaxation of smooth muscles, inflammation and nociception. They are believed to play a role in disease states like asthma, allergies, rheumatoid arthritis, cancer, diabetes, endotoxic and pancreatic shock, and to contribute to the therapeutic effects of ACE inhibitors in cardiovascular diseases. Although kinins are also neuromediators in the central nervous system, their involvement in neurological diseases has not been intensively investigated thus far. This review analyzes the potential of central kinin receptors as therapeutic targets for neurological disorders. Initial data highlight potential roles for B(1) receptor antagonists as antiepileptic agents, and for B(2) receptor antagonists (and/or B(1) agonists) in the treatment of stroke. Functional B(1) receptors located on T-lymphocytes and on the blood brain-barrier are also putative targets for the management of multiple sclerosis. However, successful elucidation of the therapeutic value of these new pharmacological approaches will require refinement of our knowledge on the physiology and cellular localization of central kinin receptors.
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http://dx.doi.org/10.2174/1381612053507422 | DOI Listing |
PLoS One
January 2025
Department of Cardiovascular Sciences, Anaesthesia, Critical Care and Pain Management, University of Leicester, Leicester, United Kingdom.
Sustained pathologic myocardial hypertrophy can result in heart failure(HF); a significant health issue affecting a large section of the population worldwide. In HF there is a marked elevation in circulating levels of the peptide urotensin II(UII) but it is unclear whether this is a result of hypertrophy or whether the high levels contribute to the development of hypertrophy. The aim of this study is to investigate a role of UII and its receptor UT in the development of cardiac hypertrophy and the signalling molecules involved.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFScand J Immunol
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Department of Ophthalmology, Shanghai Jiangong Hospital, Shanghai, China.
Dry eye disease (DED) is an inflammatory disorder in which CD4 T cells play a significant role in its pathogenesis. A CD4 T cell subset termed granulocyte-macrophage colony-stimulating factor-producing T helper (ThGM) cells would contribute to DED pathogenesis. However, the mechanisms by which the activity of ThGM cells is modulated are not thoroughly understood.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFInt J Neuropsychopharmacol
December 2024
Institute of Physiology, University of Pécs, Medical School, Pécs, Hungary.
Background: The tachykinin substance P (SP) facilitates learning and memory processes after its central administration. Activation of its different receptive sites, neurokinin-1 receptors (NK1Rs), as well as NK2Rs and NK3Rs, was shown to influence learning and memory. The basal ganglia have been confirmed to play an important role in the control of memory processes and spatial learning mechanisms, and as part of the basal ganglia, the globus pallidus (GP) may also be involved in this regulation.
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December 2024
Research Laboratory on Neuropeptides, Institute of Biomedicine of Seville (IBIS), Seville, Spain.
Background: Human adamantinomatous craniopharyngioma (ACP) is a brain tumor that originates at the base of the skull and shows aggressive local behavior, invading sensitive structures such as the optic pathways and hypothalamus. The conventional treatment of the tumor has been surgery and radiotherapy with the consequent development of serious sequelae. It is well known that Substance P (SP) peptide and Neurokinin-1 receptor (NK-1R) are involved in inflammation and cancer progression and its blockage with NK-1R antagonists has been shown to effectively counteract tumor development in preclinical trials.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFInt J Mol Sci
December 2024
Division of Life Science and the Biotechnology Research Institute, Hong Kong University of Science and Technology, Clear Water Bay, Kowloon, Hong Kong, China.
Communications between different cell types within a tissue are often critical for the proper functioning of an organ. In the central nervous system, interactions among neurons and glial cells are known to modulate neurotransmission, energy metabolism, extracellular ion homeostasis, and neuroprotection. Here we showed that bradykinin, a proinflammatory neuropeptide, can be detected by astrocytes, resulting in the secretion of cytokines that act on neurons.
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