Background: Hypovolemia alters the effect of several intravenous anesthetics by influencing pharmacokinetics and end-organ sensitivity. The authors investigated the influence of hypovolemia on the effect of an inhalation anesthetic, isoflurane, in a swine hemorrhage model.
Methods: Eleven swine were studied. After animal preparation with inhalation of 2% isoflurane anesthesia, the inhalation concentration was decreased to 0.5% and maintained at this level for 25 min before being returned to 2% (control). After 25 min, hypovolemia was induced by removing 14 ml/kg of the initial blood volume via an arterial catheter. After a 25-min stabilization period, the inhalation concentration was decreased to 0.5%, maintained at this level for 25 min, and then returned to 2% (20% bleeding). After another 25 min, a further 7 ml/kg blood was collected, and the inhalation concentration was altered as before (30% bleeding). End-tidal isoflurane concentrations and an electroencephalogram were recorded throughout the study. Spectral edge frequency was used as a measure of the isoflurane effect, and pharmacodynamics were characterized using a sigmoidal inhibitory maximal effect model for the spectral edge frequency versus end-tidal concentration.
Results: There was no significant difference in the effect of isoflurane among the conditions used. Hypovolemia did not shift the concentration-effect relation (the effect site concentration that produced 50% of the maximal effect was 1.2 +/- 0.2% under control conditions, 1.2 +/- 0.2% with 20% bleeding, and 1.1 +/- 0.2% with 30% bleeding).
Conclusions: Hypovolemia does not alter the electroencephalographic effect of isoflurane, in contrast to several intravenous anesthetics.
Download full-text PDF |
Source |
|---|---|
| http://dx.doi.org/10.1097/00000542-200505000-00013 | DOI Listing |
Publication Analysis
Top Keywords
Similar Publications
Mouse pulmonary response following solid surface composite dust inhalation.
Inhal Toxicol
January 2025
Health Effects Laboratory Division, National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health, Morgantown, WV, USA.
: Pulmonary exposure to emissions from manipulating solid surface composite (SSC) materials has been associated with adverse health effects in humans and laboratory animals. Previous and investigations of SSC toxicity have been limited by particle delivery methods that do not fully recapitulate the workplace environment. This study sought to determine the acute SSC-induced pulmonary responses whole-body inhalation exposure.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFEye reactions under the influence of drugs of abuse as measured by smartphones: a controlled clinical study in healthy volunteers.
Front Neurosci
January 2025
Kontigo Care AB, Uppsala, Sweden.
Background: It is known that illicit and prescribed drugs impact pupil size, eye movement and function. Still, comprehensive quantitative evaluations under known ambient light conditions are lacking, when smartphones are used for monitoring.
Methods: In this clinical study (NCT05731999), four medicinal products with addiction risks were administered to 48 subjects (18-70 years old, all with informed consent, 12 subjects per drug).
PFAS concentrations in the blood of Danish surfers.
Int J Hyg Environ Health
January 2025
Department of Occupational and Environmental Medicine, Danish Ramazzini Centre, Aalborg University Hospital, Havrevangen 1, 9000, Aalborg C, Denmark; Department of Clinical Medicine, Aalborg University, Selma Lagerløftsvej 249, 9260, Aalborg, Denmark.
Background: Per- and poly-fluoroalkyl Substances (PFAS) have been used for decades in countless households and industrial products. Many PFAS do not degrade and are thus ubiquitous in the environment and within organisms. Humans are primarily exposed to PFAS through ingestion and inhalation, and such exposure has been associated with several health effects.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFHost-Directed Therapy with Inhalable Lovastatin Microspheres for Matrix Metalloproteinase Inhibition in Tuberculosis.
ACS Appl Bio Mater
January 2025
Institute of Nano Science and Technology (INST), Sector-81, Mohali, Punjab 140306, India.
Tuberculosis (TB) triggers a robust immune response, which leads to significant destruction of the lung tissue at the site of infection, aiding in the transmission of (Mtb) to the hosts. The excessive inflammatory response contributes heavily to extracellular matrix (ECM) damage, which is linked to high mortality rates among TB patients. Matrix metalloproteinases (MMPs), particularly MMP-2 and MMP-9, are pivotal in the breakdown of the ECM, worsening tissue destruction.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFEvaluation of Cannabis Per Se Laws: A Semi-Mechanistic Pharmacometrics Model for Quantitative Characterization of THC and Metabolites in Oral Users.
J Clin Pharmacol
January 2025
Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences and Experimental Therapeutics, College of Pharmacy, University of Iowa, Iowa City, IA, USA.
Recreational cannabis use has increased notably in the United States in the past decade, with a recent surge in oral consumption. This trend has raised concerns about driving under the influence. Current cannabis-impaired driving laws lack standardization, with some states implementing blood Δ9-tetrahydrocannabinol (THC) per se limits (1, 2, and 5 ng/mL).
View Article and Find Full Text PDFWant AI Summaries of new PubMed Abstracts delivered to your In-box?
Enter search terms and have AI summaries delivered each week - change queries or unsubscribe any time!