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Brain-derived tau oligomer polymorphs: distinct aggregations, stability profiles, and biological activities.
Commun Biol
January 2025
Mitchell Center for Neurodegenerative Diseases, University of Texas Medical Branch, Galveston, TX, USA.
Aggregation of microtubule-associated tau protein is a distinct hallmark of several neurodegenerative disorders such as Alzheimer's disease (AD), dementia with Lewy bodies (DLB), and progressive supranuclear palsy (PSP). Tau oligomers are suggested to be the primary neurotoxic species that initiate aggregation and propagate prion-like structures. Furthermore, different diseases are shown to have distinct structural characteristics of aggregated tau, denoted as polymorphs.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFSchwann Cells in Neuromuscular Disorders: A Spotlight on Amyotrophic Lateral Sclerosis.
Cells
January 2025
Department of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation, University of Missouri School of Medicine, Columbia, MO 65211, USA.
Amyotrophic Lateral Sclerosis (ALS) is a complex neurodegenerative disease primarily affecting motor neurons, leading to progressive muscle atrophy and paralysis. This review explores the role of Schwann cells in ALS pathogenesis, highlighting their influence on disease progression through mechanisms involving demyelination, neuroinflammation, and impaired synaptic function. While Schwann cells have been traditionally viewed as peripheral supportive cells, especially in motor neuron disease, recent evidence indicates that they play a significant role in ALS by impacting motor neuron survival and plasticity, influencing inflammatory responses, and altering myelination processes.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFRobot-Assisted Gait Training for Achieving Gait Symmetry in a Subacute Stroke Patient: A Case Report.
Cureus
December 2024
Department of Rehabilitation, Musashigaoka Hospital, Kumamoto, JPN.
Gait asymmetry in post-stroke patients is an important gait characteristic that is associated with their balance control, inefficiency, and risks of musculoskeletal injury to the non-paretic lower limb and falling. Unfortunately, most stroke patients retain an asymmetrical gait pattern, even though their gait independence and gait speed improve. We describe the clinical course of a subacute stroke patient who achieved a symmetrical gait at discharge after undergoing both gait training with orthoses and robot-assisted gait training from the early intervention phase.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFPeriodic paralysis across the life course: age-related phenotype transition and sarcopenia overlap.
Front Neurol
December 2024
NextGen Precision Health, University of Missouri, Columbia, MO, United States.
In Periodic Paralysis (PP), a rare inherited condition caused by mutation in skeletal muscle ion channels, the phenotype changes with age, transitioning from the episodic attacks of weakness that give the condition its name, to a more degenerative phenotype of permanent progressive weakness and myopathy. This leads to disability and reduced quality of life. Neither the cause of this phenotype transition, nor why it occurs around the age of 40 is known.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFBedřich Smetana's illness associated with complete hearing loss has been linked to various diseases in a long-running discussion. Senile dementia, atherosclerosis, progressive paralysis in lues are mentioned, while the ototoxicity of mercury is neglected. Its high concentration in the composer's skeletal remains was demonstrated by the authors of this article immunohistochemically and especially by the neutron activation analysis (NAA) method 23 years ago.
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