[Modern approaches to the management of an anesthesiological support in pediatric ENT surgery].

The paper deals with the topical problem of pediatric anesthesiology--current approaches to performing an anesthesiological appliance in pediatric ENT surgery. The study included 1299 children aged 3 days of life to 14 with various surgical ENT abnormalities at anesthesia risk I-III (ASA) in whom surgical intervention was performed under multicomponent general anesthesia or under local anesthesia. The paper comparatively characterizes the currently available methods for general anesthesia used during both short ENT surgery and long endonasal microendoscopic interventions. The effectiveness and safety of different procedures for maintenance of free airway patency, such as endotracheal intubation, a laryngeal mask, a COPA-airline, were compared. Since adenoid- and/or tonsillectomy, as well as tonsillotomy are the most common operations in pediatric ENT surgery, indications for and contraindications to these interventions under general anesthesia were defined. It has been shown that endonasal microendoscopic operations in children should be performed exclusively under general endotracheal anesthesia and local anesthesia is a mere one of its important constituents.