Magnetic resonance imaging detection of an experimental pulmonary perfusion deficit using a macromolecular contrast agent. Polylysine-gadolinium-DTPA40.

Rationale And Objectives: This study was designed to evaluate the potential of a blood-pool magnetic resonance (MR) contrast agent, polylysine-gadolinium-DTPA40 (polylysine-Gd-DTPA40) for detecting pulmonary perfusion defects.

Materials And Methods: Pulmonary emboli were induced in 10 rats by venous injection of 0.2 mL of air. Axial spin-echo images were acquired (TR = 800 mseconds; TE = 6 mseconds) before and after air injection and serially after the administration of polylysine-Gd-DTPA40. The embolism model was confirmed by scintigraphy using 99mTc-macroaggregated albumin.

Results: Signal intensity differences between normal and embolized lungs before and after the air injection were less than 25%. After polylysine-Gd-DTPA40 administration, signal intensity of the perfused lung increased more than 200%, whereas the embolized lung increased by only 25%. Signal intensities of the perfused lung remained stable for 1 hour, whereas signal intensities of the embolized lung gradually increased for 20 minutes as the air embolus dissolved.

Conclusion: Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) enhanced with a macromolecular blood-pool contrast agent can be used to detect acute pulmonary embolism in a confirmed animal model.