This study is made in the general framework of the basic health cares program set up by Tunis regional service to fight child serious respiratory infections. It has an objective to measure bronchiolitis winter frequency for patients aged from 1 to 36 months, serious cases frequency, changing profile, the therapeutic behavior and environmental risk factors. This is a multicentric transversal study in grappa, it has taken place in Tunis between January and march 1999 with a sample size of 1340 patients. Result of the survey has shown a medium frequency of the disease with 10% of the patients, median age group infected at 9 months, aggravating factor in 73% of cases, and a surinfection in 70% of cases. Promiscuity is the only environmental risk factor which is statistically significant. Hospitalization was necessary in 14.2% of cases. With regard to prescriptions, bronchodilators, corticoids and antibiotics were prescribed for respectively 71, 39, and 45.6% of patients. Basic health cares structure is a good alternative during the winter season, provided human expertise's are constantly updated and adequate technical staff is available.
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