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Helioseismic inference of the solar radiative opacity.
Nat Commun
January 2025
Los Alamos National Laboratory, Los Alamos, NM, 87545, USA.
The Sun is the most studied of all stars, and thus constitutes a benchmark for stellar models. However, our vision of the Sun is still incomplete, as illustrated by the current debate on its chemical composition. The problem reaches far beyond chemical abundances and is intimately linked to microscopic and macroscopic physical ingredients of solar models such as radiative opacity, for which experimental results have been recently measured that still await theoretical explanations.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFPrimordial black holes and their gravitational-wave signatures.
Living Rev Relativ
January 2025
Institute of Cosmology and Gravitation, University of Portsmouth, Dennis Sciama Building, Burnaby Road, Portsmouth, PO1 3FX UK.
In the recent years, primordial black holes (PBHs) have emerged as one of the most interesting and hotly debated topics in cosmology. Among other possibilities, PBHs could explain both some of the signals from binary black hole mergers observed in gravitational-wave detectors and an important component of the dark matter in the Universe. Significant progress has been achieved both on the theory side and from the point of view of observations, including new models and more accurate calculations of PBH formation, evolution, clustering, merger rates, as well as new astrophysical and cosmological probes.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFTheoretical investigation of the AΠ-XΣ, BΣ-XΣ, CΣ-XΣ, and EΠ-XΣ transitions of the CO molecule.
Phys Chem Chem Phys
January 2025
Physics Department, Khalifa University, Abu-Dhabi, United Arab Emirates.
The spectrum of carbon monoxide is important for astrophysical media, such as planetary atmospheres, interstellar space, exoplanetary and stellar atmospheres; it also important in plasma physics, laser physics and combustion. Interpreting its spectral signature requires a deep and thorough understanding of its absorption and emission properties. A new accurate spectroscopic model for the ground and electronically-excited states of the CO molecule computed at the aug-cc-pV5Z CASSCF/MRCI+Q level is reported.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFPhase-dependent Hanbury-Brown and Twiss effect for the complete measurement of the complex coherence function.
Light Sci Appl
January 2025
Department of Physics, City University of Hong Kong, 83 Tat Chee Avenue, Kowloon, Hong Kong SAR, China.
Hanbury-Brown and Twiss (HBT) effect is the foundation for stellar intensity interferometry. However, it is a phase insensitive two-photon interference effect. Here we extend the HBT interferometer by mixing intensity-matched reference fields with the input fields before intensity correlation measurement.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFRevealing an unexpectedly low electron injection threshold via reinforced shock acceleration.
Nat Commun
January 2025
Southwest Research Institute, San Antonio, TX, USA.
Collisionless shock waves, found in supernova remnants, interstellar, stellar, and planetary environments, and laboratories, are one of nature's most powerful particle accelerators. This study combines in situ satellite measurements with recent theoretical developments to establish a reinforced shock acceleration model for relativistic electrons. Our model incorporates transient structures, wave-particle interactions, and variable stellar wind conditions, operating collectively in a multiscale set of processes.
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