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Short Communication: Anaplasma phagocytophilum and Babesia spp. in ixodid ticks infesting red foxes (Vulpes vulpes) in Great Britain.
Ticks Tick Borne Dis
November 2024
Animal and Plant Health Agency (APHA), Woodham Lane, Addlestone, KT15 3NB, UK; Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Surrey, Guildford, Surrey, GU2 7XH, UK.
Red foxes (Vulpes vulpes) are found throughout the United Kingdom (UK), and can reach high population densities in urban areas. They are often infested with ticks which may carry tick-borne pathogens, leading to a risk of transmission to domestic animals and humans. This study investigated the prevalence of tick-borne pathogens in ticks sourced from red fox carcasses across Great Britain between 2018 and 2022.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFPathogens transmitted by Ixodes ricinus.
Ticks Tick Borne Dis
November 2024
UCD School of Veterinary Sciences, University College Dublin, Belfield, Dublin 4, Ireland. Electronic address:
Ixodes ricinus is the most important tick vector in central and western Europe and one of the most researched parasites. However, in the published literature on the tick and the pathogens it transmits, conjecture about specific transmission cycles and the clinical significance of certain microbes is not always clearly separated from confirmed facts. This article aims to present up-to-date, evidence-based information about the well-researched human pathogens tick-borne encephalitis virus, louping-ill virus, Anaplasma phagocytophilum, Borrelia burgdorferi sensu lato and several Babesia species, with a focus on their development in the tick, transmission dynamics and the reservoir hosts that support their circulation in the environment.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFSeropositivity to louping ill virus in dogs in the UK.
Vet Rec
October 2024
Virus Surveillance Unit, Moredun Research Institute, Penicuik, UK.
Background: Louping ill virus (LIV) is a tick-borne flavivirus that can cause fatal meningoencephalomyelitis in dogs. Four dogs with confirmed LIV infection and a case series of dogs with suspected flavivirus infection have been reported in the UK. However, underreporting of LIV infection due to lack of testing is suspected.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFA foxhound from a hunting kennel in the United Kingdom was euthanized after being hospitalized with progressive neurologic signs, including tremors, seizures, and obtunded mentation. No abnormalities were appreciated on gross examination. Histologically, severe meningoencephalomyelitis and mild neuritis of the brachial plexus were present.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFDifferential susceptibility of geographically distinct populations to tick-borne encephalitis virus and louping ill virus.
Emerg Microbes Infect
December 2024
Laboratory of Entomology, Wageningen University & Research, Wageningen, Netherlands.
Tick-borne encephalitis virus (TBEV) is an emerging pathogen in the Netherlands. Multiple divergent viral strains are circulating and the focal distribution of TBEV remains poorly understood. This may, however, be explained by differences in the susceptibility of tick populations for specific viruses and viral strains, and by viral strains having higher infection success in their local tick population.
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