Expression of interferon-gamma and tumor necrosis factor-alpha in bone marrow T cells and their levels in bone marrow plasma in patients with aplastic anemia. | LitMetric
Immune-mediated stem cell damage has been postulated to be responsible for disease initiation and progression in aplastic anemia (AA). It is hypothesized that T lymphocytes play a major role in destroying the bone marrow (BM) stem cells of AA patients by infiltrating the BM and secreting excessive levels of anti-hematopoietic cytokines, interferon-gamma (IFN-gamma), and tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-alpha). We undertook this study to assess the pathogenic significance of anti-hematopoietic cytokines such as IFN-gamma and TNF-alpha in BM T cells and plasma of AA patients. Significantly elevated levels of IFN-gamma and TNF-alpha were found in the BM plasma of AA patients compared to controls (p=0.05 and 0.006, respectively). Intracellular IFN-gamma and not TNF-alpha in BM CD3+ T cells of AA patients was significantly higher compared to controls (p=0.04 and p=0.2, respectively). A follow-up analysis of expression of these cytokines in BM T cells and their levels in BM plasma in five AA patients before and 180 days (6 months) after antithymocyte globulin (ATG) and cyclosporin A (CsA) therapy showed a decline 180 days after therapy compared to pre-therapy. We thus conclude that increased production of both IFN-gamma and TNF-alpha in the BM may contribute to disease pathogenesis in AA and ATG therapy may induce hematological remission by suppressing the elevated levels of IFN-gamma and TNF-alpha in AA BM.
Chronic stress is involved in pathophysiology of depression, and causes some neurochemical alterations in brain. Both mitochondrial dysfunction and neuroinflammation are implicated in mediating the depression-like behavior. The objectives of present study were, at first, to confirm that chronic unpredictable mild stress (CUMS) induces depression-like behavior and alters mitochondrial function and inflammatory responses within the brain, and then to explore the role of mitochondria in the development of this depression-like behavior.
Background: Breast cancer is the leading cause of cancer-related deaths in women. Cytokines have been linked to various cancers, and both benign and malignant breast diseases are associated with inflammation. However, there is limited understanding of how the immune system's cytokine response varies among different subtypes of breast cancer.
Background: Previous studies primarily focused on the effects of ALT and virology, but there is a lack of research on the correlations of HBcrAg and pgRNA, two novel virologic markers, with immunological parameters in pregnant women with CHB undergoing prophylactic antiviral intervention.
Methods: We conducted a retrospective cohort study involving 28 HBeAg-positive pregnant women with CHB undergoing prophylactic antiviral intervention. Clinical data, virological markers (HBV DNA, HBsAg, HBeAg, HBcrAg and pgRNA) and 28 cytokines were detected at three time points: 24-28 weeks gestation (before prophylactic antiviral intervention), near birth and within 3 months postpartum.
The liver and kidneys are important organs for body homeostasis but susceptible to damage or injury caused by different factors. A number of medicinal plants, such as have been proven effective in protecting the liver and kidneys from damage. Therefore, the present study aimed to examine the effect of extract (CcE) on paracetamol-induced hepatotoxicity and gentamicin-induced nephrotoxicity in rat model.
Mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs), which are multipotent adult cells with many therapeutic effects, can be derived from stromal tissues. MSCs also exert immunoregulatory effects through extracellular vesicles (EVs), cell membrane structures that carry paracrine factors. It is thought that the mediators (cytokines, growth factors, etc.
