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There is increasing evidence that calpain contributes to the reorganization of the cytoskeleton in the integrin-mediated signaling pathway. Osteoclastic bone resorption requires cell-matrix contact, an event mediated by integrin alphavbeta3, and subsequent cytoskeletal reorganization to form characteristic membrane domains such as the sealing zone and ruffled border. In this study, therefore, we investigated whether calpain is involved in osteoclastic bone resorption. Membrane-permeable calpain inhibitors suppress the resorption activity of human osteoclasts, but an impermeable inhibitor does not. Upon the attachment of osteoclasts to bone, micro-calpain is translocated from the cytosolic to the cytoskeletal fraction and is autolytically activated. Both the activation of micro-calpain and the formation of actin-rings, the cytoskeletal structures essential for bone resorption, are inhibited by membrane-permeable calpain inhibitors. The activated micro-calpain in osteoclasts selectively cleaves talin, which links the matrix-recognizing integrin to the actin cytoskeleton. These findings suggest that calpain is a regulator of the bone resorption activity of osteoclasts through reorganization of the cytoskeleton related to actin-ring formation.
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http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/jb/mvi036 | DOI Listing |
Joint Bone Spine
March 2025
Université Paris Cité, INSERM UMR 1153, AP-HP Centre, Hôpital Cochin, 27 rue du Faubourg Saint-Jacques, 75014 Paris, France; AP-HP Centre, Department of Rheumatology, Hôpital Cochin, 27 rue du Faubourg Saint-Jacques, 75014 Paris, France. Electronic address:
Both osteoporosis and periodontitis are characterized by bone resorption. Osteoporosis is defined as a generalized disease of the skeleton affecting bone microarchitecture and density and conferring a predisposition to fractures, including fractures of the upper end of the femur. Periodontitis is characterized by gingival inflammation and destruction of the alveolar bone, potentially leading to tooth mobility and loss.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFPhytomedicine
March 2025
Department of Oncology and Hematology, the Second Affiliated Hospital of Shandong University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Jinan, Shandong Province, 250001, China. Electronic address:
Background: Myeloma-related bone disease (MBD) is a common complication of multiple myeloma (MM) that deteriorates patients' quality of life and affects overall survival. Modulating the interaction between myeloma cells and the bone marrow microenvironment may offer therapeutic potential. While certain natural medicines may regulate bone homeostasis by directly targeting osteoclasts or osteoblasts, few studies have explored the effects of intervening in myeloma cells on osteoclasts, particularly through the role of exosomes.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFBMC Oral Health
March 2025
Department of Orthodontics, Cranial-Facial Growth and Development Center, Peking University School and Hospital of Stomatology, 22 Zhongguancun South Avenue, Haidian District, Beijing, 100081, PR China.
Objective: To explore the horizontal impact of extensive incisor retraction on alveolar bone and to investigate the relationship of changes in alveolar bone thickness (ΔBT) with horizontal retraction distance of the incisal edge (HRD) and horizontal retraction distance of alveolar ridge crest (HRD') in orthodontic treatment.
Materials And Methods: This retrospective study included 84 patients who underwent orthodontic extraction treatment, involving extensive incisor retraction (≥ 3 mm). Pre-treatment (T0) and post-treatment (T1) cone-beam computed tomography (CBCT) data were collected.
Sci Rep
March 2025
Department of Periodontics and Community Dental Sciences, College of Dentistry, King Khalid University, Abha, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia.
The aim was to assess the clinical and radiographic peri-implant status among type-2 diabetic and non-diabetic individuals with major depressive disorders (MDD). Participants were divided into four groups; Group-1: patients with type-2 diabetes; Group-2: patients with MDD; Group-3: patients with type-2 diabetes and MDD; Group-4: healthy controls. Demographic data was collected, and medical history including most recent hemoglobin A1c (HbA1c) levels were retrieved from healthcare records.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFPharmacol Res
March 2025
State Key Laboratory of Traditional Chinese Medicine Syndrome /The Second Clinical College, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangdong Province 510405, China; State Key Laboratory of Quality Research in Chinese Medicine (Macau University of Science and Technology), Taipa, Macao, PR China; Chinese Medicine Guangdong Laboratory (Hengqin Laboratory), Guangdong-Macao In-Depth Cooperation Zone in Hengqin 519000, China. Electronic address:
Bone destruction in rheumatoid arthritis (RA) leads to significant disability, yet effective treatments are limited. Sinomenine (Sino) demonstrates anti-arthritic and bone-protective effects but requires high doses. In this study, we developed a Sino derivative, SINX, and evaluated its efficacy in RA.
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