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The co-expression of the depolarizing and hyperpolarizing mechanosensitive ion channels in mammalian retinal neurons.
Front Med (Lausanne)
November 2024
Department of Ophthalmology, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX, United States.
Article Synopsis
- The study investigates the role of mechanosensitive channels (MSCs) in the retina, particularly how they relate to conditions like glaucoma and retinal injuries caused by increased pressure.
- Using advanced techniques, the researchers analyzed the expression of various MSCs in different retinal cells, including Müller cells and retinal ganglion cells (RGCs).
- They found a critical balance between hyperpolarizing and depolarizing MSCs in retinal neurons, suggesting that this balance may affect how vulnerable these neurons are to pressure-induced damage, highlighting potential new avenues for treatment.
Retinal bipolar cells (BCs) convey visual signals from photoreceptors to more than 50 types of rabbit retinal ganglion cells (Famiglietti, 2020). More than 40 years ago, 10-11 types of bipolar cell were recognized in rabbit and cat retinas (Famiglietti, 1981). Twenty years later 10 were identified in mouse, rat, and monkey, while recent molecular genetic studies indicate that there are 15 types of bipolar cell in mouse retina (Shekhar et al.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFMurine Retina Outer Plexiform Layer Development and Transcriptome Analysis of Pre-Synapses in Photoreceptors.
Life (Basel)
September 2024
Neurobiology-Neurodegeneration and Repair Laboratory, National Eye Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD 20892, USA.
Photoreceptors in the mammalian retina convert light signals into electrical and molecular signals through phototransduction and transfer the visual inputs to second-order neurons via specialized ribbon synapses. Two kinds of photoreceptors, rods and cones, possess distinct morphology and function. Currently, we have limited knowledge about rod versus (vs.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFHistamine synthesis and transport are coupled in axon terminals via a dual quality control system.
EMBO J
October 2024
College of Biological Sciences, China Agricultural University, Beijing, China.
Monoamine neurotransmitters generated by de novo synthesis are rapidly transported and stored into synaptic vesicles at axon terminals. This transport is essential both for sustaining synaptic transmission and for limiting the toxic effects of monoamines. Here, synthesis of the monoamine histamine by histidine decarboxylase (HDC) and subsequent loading of histamine into synaptic vesicles are shown to be physically and functionally coupled within Drosophila photoreceptor terminals.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFCellular and circuit remodeling of the primate foveal midget pathway after acute photoreceptor loss.
Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A
September 2024
Department of Biological Structure, University of Washington, Seattle, WA 98195.
The retinal fovea in human and nonhuman primates is essential for high acuity and color vision. Within the fovea lies specialized circuitry in which signals from a single cone photoreceptor are largely conveyed to one ON and one OFF type midget bipolar cell (MBC), which in turn connect to a single ON or OFF midget ganglion cell (MGC), respectively. Restoring foveal vision requires not only photoreceptor replacement but also appropriate reconnection with surviving ON and OFF MBCs and MGCs.
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