Improved results can be obtained by increasing the intensity of chemotherapy in patients with cancer. Prolonged granulocytopenia due to intensive chemotherapy schedules, however, is a frequent cause of infectious complications. Fungal infections, especially Aspergillus infections, are being recognized with increasing frequency. We describe an outbreak of invasive Aspergillus infections in six cancer patients treated with chemotherapy and we give an overview of the diagnostic and therapeutic dilemmas encountered in patients with invasive Aspergillus infection.
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Biomedica
December 2024
Laboratorio de Inmunodeficiencias, Instituto Nacional de Pediatría, Ciudad de México, México.
Chronic granulomatous disease is the inborn error of immunity with the highest frequency of invasive aspergillosis. In this context, invasive aspergillosis is frequent in adolescence, with rare cases before one year of age. We present a case of chronic granulomatous disease and invasive aspergillosis in a four-month-old infant.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFJ Infect Dis
January 2025
Department of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Taihe Hospital, Hubei University of Medicine, Shiyan, 442000, Hubei, P.R. China.
Background And Objective: Multiplex polymerase chain reaction (PCR)-based targeted next-generation sequencing (tNGS) is a promising tool for distinguishing lower respiratory tract infections (LRTIs) in clinical practice, and its detectable pathogen spectrum can cover more than 95% of clinical cases. but there is limited information on systematic evaluation of the clinical use of multiplex PCR-based tNGS (mp-tNGS) in IPA cases. We aim to assess mp-tNGS in bronchoalveolar lavage fluid (BALF) for Aspergillus detection in suspected IPA patients, and to provide a reliable basis for initiating antifungal therapy without microbiological or histopathological evidence.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFTranspl Infect Dis
January 2025
Division of Infectious Diseases, Department of Medicine, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, New York, USA.
Background: Although infections are a leading cause of morbidity and mortality among patients with multiple myeloma (MM), the epidemiology of invasive fungal disease (IFD) is less well characterized in this population than in other hematologic malignancies.
Methods: We conducted a nested 3:1 case-control study of IFD at a large MM referral center to identify risk factors for IFD in this population.
Results: In a cohort of 2960 patients, we identified 32 episodes of IFD among 31 patients between 01/2011 and 06/2019.
Virulence
December 2025
Manchester Fungal Infection Group (MFIG), Division of Evolution, Infection, and Genomics, Faculty of Biology, Medicine and Health, University of Manchester, Manchester, UK.
Sulfur metabolism is an essential aspect of fungal physiology and pathogenicity. Fungal sulfur metabolism comprises anabolic and catabolic routes that are not well conserved in mammals, therefore is considered a promising source of prospective novel antifungal targets. To gain insight into sulfur-related metabolism during infection, we used a NanoString custom nCounter-TagSet and compared the expression of 68 key metabolic genes in different murine models of invasive pulmonary aspergillosis, at 3 time-points, and under a variety of conditions.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFClin Infect Dis
January 2025
Department of Medicine, Division of Infectious Diseases and Geographic Medicine, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, California, USA.
Background: Mold plasma cell-free DNA (cfDNA) PCR is a promising non-invasive diagnostic modality for early diagnosis of invasive mold disease (IMD) in immunocompromised patients. Although mold cfDNA PCR has been shown to be highly accurate, the value of invasive procedures to collect specimens for conventional fungal diagnostics following plasma cfDNA testing remains unclear.
Methods: This retrospective single-center cohort study included patients with mold plasma cfDNA PCR performed 7 days before or 2 days after invasive specimen collection.
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