Hepatectomy plus intraoperative radiofrequency ablation and chemotherapy to treat technically unresectable multiple colorectal liver metastases.

Background: Results and indications of intra-operative radiofrequency (RF) ablation of liver metastases (LM) are not well defined in the literature.

Aim: To appreciate the survival rate of patients with strictly unresectable LM (defined on technical but not oncological criteria) when undergoing liver resection plus RF, along with optimal systemic chemotherapy.

Patients And Methods: Sixty three patients with technically unresectable LM (either >5, or bilateral with no sparing of at least one sector of the liver, or with tumor proximity to central major vascular structures) were treated. Extrahepatic metastases were also resected in 27% of patients. All patients received perioperative chemotherapy. The median follow-up was 27.6 months (range: 15-74).

Results: There was no postoperative mortality and the morbidity rate was 27%. The 2-year overall survival rate of the 63 patients was 67% with a median survival of 36 months. The local recurrence rates were similar for the three types of local treatments: 7.1% for the 154 RF ablations, 7.2% for the 55 wedge resections, and 9% for the 44 segmental anatomic resections (P = 0.216). Hepatic recurrences occurred in 71% of patients.

Conclusion: The combination of anatomic segmental and wedge resections, RF ablation, and optimal chemotherapy in patients with technically unresectable LM results in a median survival of 36 months.