Thermal diffusion shock waves.

Phys Rev Lett

Department of Physics, Brown University, Providence, RI 02912, USA.

Published: March 2005

The Ludwig-Soret effect or thermal diffusion, which refers to the separation of liquid mixtures in a temperature gradient, is governed by a nonlinear, partial differential equation in space and time. It is shown here that the solution to the nonlinear differential equation for a binary mixture predicts the existence of shock waves completely analogous to fluid shocks and obeys an expression for the shock velocity that is an exact analogue of the Rankine-Hugoniot relations. Direct measurements of the time dependent, spatial absorption profile of a suspension of nanometer sized particles subjected to a sinusoidal temperature field generated by a pair of continuous laser beams, as well as self-diffraction experiments, show motion of the particles in agreement with the predictions of nonlinear theory.

Download full-text PDF

Source
http://dx.doi.org/10.1103/PhysRevLett.94.095901DOI Listing

Publication Analysis

Top Keywords

thermal diffusion
8
shock waves
8
differential equation
8
diffusion shock
4
waves ludwig-soret
4
ludwig-soret thermal
4
diffusion refers
4
refers separation
4
separation liquid
4
liquid mixtures
4

Similar Publications

Wastewater is commonly contaminated with many pharmaceutical pollutants, so an efficient purification method is required for their removal from wastewater. In this regard, an innovative tertiary Se/SnO@CMC/Fe-GA nanocomposite was synthesized through encapsulation of metal organic frameworks (Fe-glutaric acid) onto Se/SnO-embedded-sodium carboxy methyl cellulose matrix to thoroughly evaluate its effectiveness for adsorption of levofloxacin drug from wastewater. The prepared Se/SnO@CMC/Fe-GA nanocomposite was analyzed via UV-Vis spectroscopy, Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), scanning electron microscopy (SEM), thermo gravimetric analysis (TGA), energy dispersive X-ray (EDX), and X-ray diffraction (XRD) to valuate optical property, size, morphology, thermal stability, and chemical composition.

View Article and Find Full Text PDF

In this study, a binary composite adsorbent based on activated carbon and phosphoric acid geopolymer foam (ACP) was prepared by combining phosphoric acid geopolymer (PAGP) with activated carbon (AC) and applied for the removal of methylene blue (MB). Activated carbon was thoroughly mixed with a mixture of fly ash and metakaolin in varying ratios, followed by phosphoric acid activation and thermal curing. The ACP adsorbent was characterized using scanning electron microscope (SEM), Fourier transform infrared (FTIR) spectrophotometer, X-ray diffractometer (XRD), surface area analyser (SAP), and thermogravimetric analyser (TGA).

View Article and Find Full Text PDF

Hydroxide exchange membrane (HEM) water electrolysis is promising for green hydrogen production due to its low cost and excellent performance. However, HEM often has insufficient stability in strong alkaline solutions, particularly under in-situ electrolysis operation conditions, hindering its commercialization. In this study, we discover that the in-situ stability of HEM is primarily impaired by the locally accumulated heat in HEM due to its low thermal conductivity.

View Article and Find Full Text PDF

Metal-organic frameworks (MOFs) have shown great promise as pH-responsive drug delivery systems, with considerable potential for targeted cancer therapy. In this study, we synthesized a novel curcumin-loaded MOF, named UWO-2 (CUR@UWO-2), and developed its biocomposite form, CS-κ-Cr/CUR@UWO-2, by coating it with chitosan (CS) and κ-carrageenan (κ-Cr). Structural analysis through powder X-ray diffraction (PXRD) confirmed the successful synthesis of UWO-2 and the incorporation of CUR within the MOF structure.

View Article and Find Full Text PDF

Intranasal Administrations of AP39-Loaded Liposomes Selectively Deliver H2S to Neuronal Mitochondria to Protect Neonatal Hypoxia-Ischemia by Targeting ERK1/2 and Caspase-1.

ACS Biomater Sci Eng

January 2025

Department of Physiology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong 250012, P.R. China.

Mitochondrial dysfunction contributes to the pathology of hypoxia-ischemia (HI) brain damage by aberrant production of ROS. Hydrogen sulfide (HS) has been demonstrated to exert neuroprotective effects through antioxidant mechanisms. However, the diffusion of HS is not specifically targeted and may even be systemically toxic.

View Article and Find Full Text PDF

Want AI Summaries of new PubMed Abstracts delivered to your In-box?

Enter search terms and have AI summaries delivered each week - change queries or unsubscribe any time!