The paper describes the case of a 49 year old woman suffering from bipolar affective disorder, who additionally had a brain xanthogranuloma tumour. The symptoms that occurred additionally to affective disorder symptoms were loss of memory, with some events forgotten completely, vertigo and deteriorated visual accommodation. The ophthalmology examination could not explain the worsening accommodation. It turned out that a brain tumour was the cause of these symptoms and they all receded after the tumour's total resection. This kind of tumour--a xanthogranuloma is a rare pseudoneoplasm, very often pretending to be a cancer in various body organs. It happens to be very rare in the above mentioned isolated form in the brain and until now, only a few cases have been described as diagnosed in a live person.
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