Atherosclerosis is the major cause of death in the world. Fasting and postprandial hyperlipidaemia are important risk factors for coronary heart disease (CHD). Recent developments have undoubtedly indicated that inflammation is pathophysiologically closely linked to atherogenesis and its clinical consequences. Inflammatory markers such as C-reactive protein (CRP), leucocyte count and complement component 3 (C3) have been linked to CHD and to hyperlipidaemia and several other CHD risk factors. Increases in these markers may result from activation of endothelial cells (CRP, leucocytes, C3), disturbances in adipose tissue fatty acid metabolism (CRP, C3), or from direct effects of CHD risk factors (leucocytes). It has been shown that lipoproteins, triglycerides, fatty acids and glucose can activate endothelial cells, most probably as a result of the production of reactive oxygen species. Similar mechanisms may also lead to leucocyte activation. Increases in triglycerides, fatty acids and glucose are common disturbances in the metabolic syndrome and are most prominent in the postprandial phase. People are in a postprandial state most of the day, and this phase is proatherogenic. Inhibition of the activation of leucocytes, endothelial cells, or both, is an interesting target for intervention, as activation is obligatory for adherence of leucocytes to the endothelium, thereby initiating atherogenesis. Potential interventions include the use of unsaturated long-chain fatty acids, polyphenols, antioxidants, angiotensin converting enzyme inhibitors and high-dose aspirin, which have direct anti-inflammatory and antiatherogenic effects. Furthermore, peroxisome proliferator activating receptor gamma (PPARgamma) agonists and statins have similar properties, which are in part independent of their lipid-lowering effects.
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http://dx.doi.org/10.2165/00003495-200464002-00004 | DOI Listing |
J Vasc Access
January 2025
College of Nursing, Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, Jiangsu, China.
Objective: To develop and validate a nomogram model for predicting central venous catheter-related infections (CRI) in patients with maintenance hemodialysis (MHD).
Methods: MHD patients with central venous catheters (CVCs) visiting the outpatient hemodialysis (HD) center of Xuzhou Medical University Affiliated Hospital from January 2020 to December 2023 were retrospectively selected through a HD monitoring system. Patient data were collected, and the patients were divided into training and validation sets in a 7:3 ratio.
J Asthma
January 2025
Center for Global Health Research, Saveetha Medical College and Hospital, Saveetha Institute of Medical and Technical Sciences, Saveetha University, Chennai, India.
Objective: Asthma poses a significant health burden in South Asia, with increasing incidence and mortality despite a global decline in age-standardized prevalence rates. This study aims to analyze asthma trends from 1990 to 2021, focusing on prevalence, incidence, mortality, and disability-adjusted life years (DALYs) across South Asia. The study also assesses the impact of risk factors like high body mass index (BMI), smoking, and occupational exposures on asthma outcomes.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFJ Int Med Res
January 2025
Department of General Practice and Primary Health Care, University of Helsinki and Helsinki University Hospital, Helsinki, Finland.
Objective: To evaluate whether there is an association between maternal mental health, purchase of psychotropic drugs, socioeconomic status and major congenital anomalies in offspring.
Methods: A register-based cohort study of 6189 Finnish primiparous women who had a singleton delivery between 2009 and 2015. Data on pregnancy and delivery outcomes, psychiatric diagnosis, prescription drug purchases and offspring congenital anomalies were obtained from Finnish national registers.
Endocr Metab Immune Disord Drug Targets
January 2025
Pharmacy Department, Tishk International University, Erbil, Kurdistan Region, Iraq.
Sedentary lifestyles and prolonged physical inactivity are often linked to poor mental and physical health as well as an increased risk of a number of chronic illnesses, including cancer, obesity, type 2 diabetes, and cardiovascular problems. Metabolic Syndrome (MetS), as the new disease, has emerged as the world's leading cause of illness. Despite having its roots in the West, this issue has now completely globalized due to the development of the Western way of life throughout the world.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFJ Int Med Res
January 2025
Department of Ophthalmology, Peking University People's Hospital; Eye Diseases and Optometry Institute; Beijing Key Laboratory of Diagnosis and Therapy of Retinal and Choroid Diseases; College of Optometry, Peking University Health Science Center. Address: No. 11 Xizhimen South Street, Xicheng District, Beijing, China.
Objective: To evaluate the effect of preoperative intravenous mannitol on the capsulorhexis process and intraoperative complications in patients with primary angle-closure glaucoma (PACG).
Methods: In this prospective randomized controlled trial, 65 PACG eyes were randomized into the mannitol and control groups. The capsulorhexis duration, number of forceps grasps, need for viscoelastic re-injection, and intraoperative complications were recorded.
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