AI Article Synopsis
- - S. W. Allen and L. R. Brooks (1991) demonstrated that people's memory of specific examples (exemplar memory) can influence how they categorize new information, even if they have a classification rule to follow.
- - G. Regehr and L. R. Brooks (1993) suggested that for this influence to happen, the stimuli (the things being categorized) need to be distinguishable from one another.
- - The current study evaluates when exemplar effects appear in categorization with experiments showing that attention to certain interchangeable attributes is necessary for an impact, but these effects can also occur even without attention in more incidental learning conditions.
Article Abstract
S. W. Allen and L. R. Brooks (1991) have shown that exemplar memory can affect categorization even when participants are provided with a classification rule. G. Regehr and L. R. Brooks (1993) argued that stimuli must be individuated for such effects to occur. In this study, the authors further analyze the conditions that yield exemplar effects in this rule application paradigm. The results of Experiments 1-3 show that interchangeable attributes, which are not part of the rule, influence categorization only when attention is explicitly drawn on them. Experiment 4 shows that exemplar effects can occur in an incidental learning condition, whether stimulus individuation is preserved or not. The authors conclude that the influence of exemplar learning in rule-driven categorization stems from the attributes specified in the rule or in the instructions, not from the stimulus gestalts.
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| http://dx.doi.org/10.1037/0278-7393.31.2.272 | DOI Listing |
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