The staphylococcal superantigen-like proteins (SSLs) are close relatives of the superantigens but are coded for by a separate gene cluster within a 19-kb region of the pathogenicity island SaPIn2. rSSL7 (formally known as SET1) bound with high affinity (K(D), 1.1 nM) to the monomeric form of human IgA1 and IgA2 plus serum IgA from primate, pig, rat, and horse. SSL7 also bound the secretory form of IgA found in milk from human, cow, and sheep, and inhibited IgA binding to cell surface FcalphaRI (CD89) and to a soluble form of the FcalphaRI protein. In addition to IgA, SSL7 bound complement factor C5 from human (K(D), 18 nM), primate, sheep, pig, and rabbit serum, and inhibited complement-mediated hemolysis and serum killing of a Gram-negative organism Escherichia coli. SSL7 is a superantigen-like protein secreted from Staphylococcus aureus that blocks IgA-FcR interactions and inhibits complement, leading to increased survival of a sensitive bacterium in blood.
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Feasibility of using a combination of staphylococcal superantigen-like proteins 3, 7 and 11 in a fusion vaccine for Staphylococcus aureus.
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Department of Molecular Medicine and Pathology, Faculty of Medical and Health Sciences, University of Auckland, Auckland, New Zealand.
Staphylococcus aureus is a significant bacterial pathogen in both community and hospital settings, and the escalation of antimicrobial-resistant strains is of immense global concern. Vaccination is an inviting long-term strategy to curb staphylococcal disease, but identification of an effective vaccine has proved to be challenging. Three well-characterized, ubiquitous, secreted immune evasion factors from the staphylococcal superantigen-like (SSL) protein family were selected for the development of a vaccine.
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Department of Molecular and Cellular Health Sciences, Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Nagoya City University, Nagoya, Aichi Prefecture, Japan.
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Department of Biotechnology, Indian Institute of Technology Kharagpur, Kharagpur, 721302, West Bengal, India.
Article Synopsis
- Staphylococcus aureus is a highly infectious pathogen that creates challenges in treating diseases due to its ability to form biofilms, making infections resistant to antibiotics and immune responses.
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